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A number of recent experimental studies have shown that solid-state complex organic molecules (COMs) can form under conditions that are relevant to the CO freeze-out stage in dense clouds. In this work, we show that alcohols can be formed…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-16 D. Qasim , G. Fedoseev , T. Lamberts , K. -J. Chuang , J. He , S. Ioppolo , J. Kästner , H. Linnartz

Hot molecular cores (HMCs) are intermediate stages of high-mass star formation and are also known for their rich emission line spectra at (sub-)mm wavebands. The observed spectral feature of HMCs such as total number of emission lines and…

Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been detected in a variety of interstellar sources. The abundances of these COMs in warming sources can be explained by syntheses linked to increasing temperatures and densities, allowing quasi-thermal…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-18 Alec Paulive , Christopher N. Shingledecker , Eric Herbst

Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been detected in the gas-phase in cold and lightless molecular cores. Recent solid-state laboratory experiments have provided strong evidence that COMs can be formed on icy grains through…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 D. Qasim , G. Fedoseev , K. -J. Chuang , V. Taquet , T. Lamberts , J. He , S. Ioppolo , E. F. van Dishoeck , H. Linnartz

(Abridged) The birth environment of the Sun will have influenced the conditions in the pre-solar nebula, including the attainable chemical complexity, important for prebiotic chemistry. The formation and distribution of complex organic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-04 Catherine Walsh , Eric Herbst , Hideko Nomura , T. J. Millar , Susanna Widicus Weaver

The high abundances of Complex Organic Molecules (COMs) with respect to methanol, the most abundant COM, detected towards low-mass protostars, tend to be underpredicted by astrochemical models. This discrepancy might come from the large…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Vianney Taquet , Ana López-Sepulcre , Cecilia Ceccarelli , Roberto Neri , Claudine Kahane , Steven B. Charnley

Icy interstellar dust grains are a source of complex organic molecule (COM) production, although their formation mechanisms are debated. Laboratory experiments show that atomic C deposited onto interstellar ice analogs can react with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-27 Sydney A. Willis , Serge A. Krasnokutski , Nathaniel J. Morin , Robin T. Garrod

Formaldehyde is a key precursor in the formation routes of many complex organic molecules (COMs) in space. It is also an intermediate step in CO hydrogenation sequence that leads to methanol formation on the surface of interstellar grains…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-04 A. F. Punanova , K. Borshcheva , G. S. Fedoseev , P. Caselli , D. S. Wiebe , A. I. Vasyunin

In star formation regions, the complex organic molecules (COMs) that contain peptide bonds ($-$NH$-$C(=O)$-$) play a major role in the metabolic process because $-$NH$-$C(=O)$-$ is connected to amino acids (R-CHNH$_{2}$$-$COOH). Over the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-09 Arijit Manna , Sabyasachi Pal

Here we present high spatial resolution (<1 arcsecond) observations of molecular emission in Orion-KL conducted using the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy (CARMA). This work was motivated by recent millimeter…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-05 Susanna L. Widicus Weaver , Douglas N. Friedel

No statistical study of COMs toward a large sample of high-mass protostars with ALMA has been carried out so far. We aim to study six N-bearing species: CH$_3$CN, HNCO, NH$_2$CHO, C$_2$H$_5$CN, C$_2$H$_3$CN and CH$_3$NH$_2$ in a large…

Hot cores characterized by rich lines of complex organic molecules are considered as ideal sites for investigating the physical and chemical environments of massive star formation. We present a search for hot cores by using typical…

Remote observations of comets, especially using high spectral resolution millimeter spectroscopy, have enabled the detection of over 25 molecules in comets for the last twenty years. Among the molecules identified at radio wavelengths,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 Nicolas Biver , Dominique Bockelée-Morvan

The formyl radical HCO has been proposed as the basic precursor of many complex organic molecules such as methanol (CH$_3$OH) or glycolaldehyde (CH$_2$OHCHO). Using ALMA, we have mapped, for the first time at high angular resolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-28 V. M. Rivilla , M. T. Beltrán , A. Vasyunin , P. Caselli , S. Viti , F. Fontani , R. Cesaroni

Grain-surface chemistry plays a crucial role in the formation of molecules of astrobiological interest, including H$_{2}$S and complex organic molecules (COMs). They are commonly observed in the gas phase toward star-forming regions, but…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-10 D. Navarro-Almaida , A. Taillard , A. Fuente , P. Caselli , R. Martín-Doménech , J. J. Miranzo-Pastor

High-mass star formation involves complex processes, with the hot core phase playing a crucial role in chemical enrichment and the formation of complex organic molecules. However, molecular inventories in hot cores remain limited. Using…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-26 Chunguo Duan , Qian Gou , Tie Liu , Fengwei Xu , Xuefang Xu , Junlin Lan , Ke Wang , Laurent Pagani , Donghui Quan , Junzhi Wang , Xunchuan Liu , Mingwei He

The occurrence of complex organic molecules (COMs) in the gas phase at low temperature in the dense phases of the ISM suggests that a non-thermal desorption mechanism is at work because otherwise, COMs should condense within a short…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-17 E. Dartois , M. Chabot , T. Id Barkach , H. Rothard , B. Augé , A. N. Agnihotri , A. Domaracka , P. Boduch

To date, about two dozen low-mass embedded protostars exhibit rich spectra with lines of complex organic molecule (COM). These protostars seem to possess different enrichment in COMs. However, the statistics of COM abundance in low-mass…

We present the results of James Webb Space Telescope observations of the protostar ST6 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) with the Medium Resolution Spectrograph of the Mid-Infrared Instrument (4.9-27.9 $\mu$m). Characterized by one-third…

Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been detected in a few Class 0 protostars but their origin is not well understood. Going beyond studies of individual objects, we want to investigate the origin of COMs in young protostars on a…

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