Related papers: A matrix equation $X^n = aI$
We study several variants of decomposing a symmetric matrix into a sum of a low-rank positive semidefinite matrix and a diagonal matrix. Such decompositions have applications in factor analysis and they have been studied for many decades.…
A general theorem on factorization of matrices with polynomial entries is proven and it is used to reduce polynomial Darboux matrices to linear ones. Some new examples of linear Darboux matrices are discussed.
We consider matrix functions with certain invariance under inversion in the unit circle. If such a function satisfies a positivity assumption on the unit circle, then only zero partial indices appear in its Riemann-Hilbert (Wiener-Hopf)…
A linear map between matrix algebras corresponds to the Choi matrix in the tensor product of two matrix algebras, whose definition depends on the matrix units. Paulsen and Shultz [J. Math. Phys. {\bf 54} (2013), 072201] considered the…
We present an approach to decomposition and factor analysis of matrices with ordinal data. The matrix entries are grades to which objects represented by rows satisfy attributes represented by columns, e.g. grades to which an image is red, a…
Given a zero-dimensional ideal I in a polynomial ring, many computations start by finding univariate polynomials in I. Searching for a univariate polynomial in I is a particular case of considering the minimal polynomial of an element in…
Given a matrix $A$, a matrix nearness problem seeks an $X$ that most closely approximates $A$ in the sense of minimizing $\lVert A - X\rVert$ under a variety of constraints on $X$. A generalized matrix nearness problem seeks the same but…
Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is the problem of decomposing a given nonnegative $n \times m$ matrix $M$ into a product of a nonnegative $n \times d$ matrix $W$ and a nonnegative $d \times m$ matrix $H$. A longstanding open…
Explainable AI (XAI) aims to address the human need for safe and reliable AI systems. However, numerous surveys emphasize the absence of a sound mathematical formalization of key XAI notions -- remarkably including the term "explanation"…
The paper concerns a result in linear algebra motivated by ideas from tropical geometry. Let $A(t)$ be an $n \times n$ matrix whose entries are Laurent series in $t$. We show that, as $t \to 0$, logarithms of singular values of $A(t)$…
It is well-known that to every binary relation on a non-void set I there can be assigned its incidence matrix, also in the case when I is infinite. We show that a certain kind of "multiplication" of such incidence matrices corresponds to…
We present an explicit polynomial formula for evaluating the principal logarithm of all matrices lying on the line segment $\{I(1-t)+At:t\in [0,1]\}$ joining the identity matrix $I$ (at $t=0$) to any real matrix $A$ (at $t=1$) having no…
In this article we apply proper splittings of matrices to develop an iterative process to approximate solutions of matrix equations of the form TX = W. Moreover, by using the partial order induced by positive semidefinite matrices, we…
In this paper, we study numbers $n$ that can be factored in three different ways as $n = A_1 B_1 = A_2 B_2 = A_3 B_3$ where $A_1$, $A_2$, $A_3$ are close to each other and $B_1$, $B_2$, $B_3$ are close to each other.
Matrix representations of the Maxwell equations are well-known. However, all these representations lack an exactness or/and are given in terms of a {\em pair} of matrix equations. We present a matrix representation of the Maxwell equation…
Given any polynomial $p$ in $C[X]$, we show that the set of irreducible matrices satisfying $p(A)=0$ is finite. In the specific case $p(X)=X^2-nX$, we count the number of irreducible matrices in this set and analyze the arising sequences…
A new method of matrix spectral factorization is proposed which reliably computes an approximate spectral factor of any matrix spectral density that admits spectral factorization
A commutator of unipotent matrices of index 2 is a matrix of the form $XYX^{-1}Y^{-1}$, where $X$ and $Y$ are unipotent matrices of index 2, that is, $X\ne I_n$, $Y\ne I_n$, and $(X-I_n)^2=(Y-I_n)^2=0_n$. If $n>2$ and $\mathbb F$ is a field…
We investigate the uniqueness of factorisation of possibly disconnected finite graphs with respect to the Cartesian, the strong and the direct product. It is proved that if a graph has $n$ connected components, where $n$ is prime, or…
Just as knowing some roots of a polynomial allows one to factor it, a well-known result provides a factorization of any scalar differential operator given a set of linearly independent functions in its kernel. This note provides a…