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The escape of ultraviolet photons from the densest regions of the interstellar medium (ISM) --- Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) --- is a poorly constrained parameter which is vital to understanding the ionization of the ISM and the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-21 Corey S. Howard , Ralph E. Pudritz , Bill E. Harris , Ralf S. Klessen

We calculate the hydrogen and helium-ionizing radiation escaping star-forming molecular clouds, as a function of the star cluster mass and compactness, using a set of high-resolution radiation-magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-29 Chong-Chong He , Massimo Ricotti , Sam Geen

Recent data indicates that the cosmic UV emissivity decreased with decreasing redshift z near the end of reionization. Lacking evidence for very massive early stars, this could signal a decline with time in the mass-averaged escape fraction…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 A. Ferrara , A. Loeb

Using a suite of radiation hydrodynamic simulations of star cluster formation in turbulent clouds, we study the escape fraction of ionizing (Lyman continuum) and non-ionizing (FUV) radiation for a wide range of cloud masses and sizes. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-02 Jeong-Gyu Kim , Woong-Tae Kim , Eve C. Ostriker

Low mass galaxies are thought to provide the bulk of the ionizing radiation necessary to reionize the Universe. The amount of photons escaping the galaxies is poorly constrained theoretically, and difficult to measure observationally. Yet…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-03 Maxime Trebitsch , Jérémy Blaizot , Joakim Rosdahl , Julien Devriendt , Adrianne Slyz

Simulations have indicated that most of the escaped Lyman continuum photons escape through a minority of solid angles with near complete transparency, with the remaining majority of the solid angles largely opaque, resulting in a very broad…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Renyue Cen , Taysun Kimm

The physical origin of low escape fractions of ionizing radiation derived from massive star-forming galaxies at $z\sim3$-$4$ is not well understood. We perform idealised disc galaxy simulations to understand how galactic properties such as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-10-21 Taehwa Yoo , Taysun Kimm , Joakim Rosdahl

We present a series of high-resolution (20-2000 Msun, 0.1-4 pc) cosmological zoom-in simulations at z~6 from the Feedback In Realistic Environment (FIRE) project. These simulations cover halo masses 10^9-10^11 Msun and rest-frame…

We investigate the properties of the galaxies that reionized the Universe and the history of cosmic reionization using the "Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their environments" (EAGLE) cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-19 Mahavir Sharma , Tom Theuns , Carlos Frenk , Richard G. Bower , Robert A. Crain , Matthieu Schaller , Joop Schaye

We present an upper limit for the relative escape fraction (f_{esc}^{rel}) of ionizing radiation at z~3.3 using a sample of 11 Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) with deep imaging in the U band obtained with the Large Binocular Camera, mounted on…

We measure escape fractions, $f_{\rm esc}$, of ionizing radiation from galaxies in the SPHINX suite of cosmological radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of reionization, resolving halos with $M_{\rm vir} \gtrapprox 7.5 \times 10^7 \…

The fraction of ionizing photons escaping from high-redshift star-forming galaxies remains a key obstacle in evaluating whether galaxies were the primary agents of cosmic reionization. We previously proposed using the covering fraction of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-11-15 Nicha Leethochawalit , Tucker A. Jones , Richard S. Ellis , Daniel P. Stark , Adi Zitrin

We have obtained deep Hubble Space Telescope far-UV images of 15 starburst galaxies at z~1.3 in the GOODS fields to search for escaping Lyman continuum photons. These are the deepest far-UV images m_{AB}=28.7, 3\sigma, 1" diameter) over…

Compact, low-mass galaxies with strong nebular emission are considered promising candidates for efficient ionizing photon production and escape. We present a spatially resolved analysis of 189 galaxies at redshifts $z \sim 6.7-7.6$ in JADES…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-23 Cheqiu Lyu , Enci Wang , Junxian Wang , Cheng Jia , Jie Song , Yangyao Chen , Zeyu Chen , Haoran Yu , Chengyu Ma , Jinyang Wang , Yifan Wang , Xu Kong

We present model calculations of the reionization history of hydrogen using star formation histories, computed with a galaxy formation model which reproduces properties of local dwarf galaxies and UV luminosity functions of galaxies at…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-12 Zewei Wu , Andrey Kravtsov , Harley Katz

The fraction of ionizing photons that escape their host galaxies and so are able to ionize hydrogen in the inter-galactic medium (IGM) is a critical parameter in analyses of the reionization era and early galaxy formation. Studies of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Stuart Wyithe , Andrew M. Hopkins , Matthew D. Kistler , Hasan Yuksel , John F. Beacom

(abridged) Quantifying the ISM porosity to ionizing photons in nearby galaxies may improve our understanding of the mechanisms leading to Lyman Continuum photons leakage from galaxies. Primitive galaxies with low metal and dust content have…

We couple the DELPHI framework for galaxy formation with a model for the escape of ionizing photons to study both its variability with galaxy assembly and the resulting key reionization sources. In this model, leakage either occurs through…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-28 Jonas Bremer , Pratika Dayal

We have studied the effects of gas density inhomogeneities on the escape of ionising Lyman continuum (Lyc) photons from Milky Way-type galaxies via 3D numerical simulations using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code CRASH (Ciardi et al.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 B. Ciardi , S. Bianchi , A. Ferrara

Newly formed stars have a profound impact on their environment by depositing energy and momentum into the surrounding gas. However, only a fraction of the stellar feedback is retained in the cloud and observational constraints are needed to…