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Related papers: Implicit Temporal Differences

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Value function approximation is a crucial module for policy evaluation in reinforcement learning when the state space is large or continuous. The present paper takes a generative perspective on policy evaluation via temporal-difference (TD)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-03 Qin Lu , Georgios B. Giannakis

We study the finite-time behaviour of the popular temporal difference (TD) learning algorithm when combined with tail-averaging. We derive finite time bounds on the parameter error of the tail-averaged TD iterate under a step-size choice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Gandharv Patil , Prashanth L. A. , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Doina Precup

Emphatic Temporal Difference (TD) methods are a class of off-policy Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods involving the use of followon traces. Despite the theoretical success of emphatic TD methods in addressing the notorious deadly triad of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Shangtong Zhang , Shimon Whiteson

To estimate the value functions of policies from exploratory data, most model-free off-policy algorithms rely on importance sampling, where the use of importance sampling ratios often leads to estimates with severe variance. It is thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-13 Ashique Rupam Mahmood , Huizhen Yu , Richard S. Sutton

Deep learning-based methods have reached state of the art performances, relying on large quantity of available data and computational power. Such methods still remain highly inappropriate when facing a major open machine learning problem,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Vincent Gripon , Nicolas Farrugia , Matthieu Arzel , Michel Jezequel

In this work, we consider policy-based methods for solving the reinforcement learning problem, and establish the sample complexity guarantees. A policy-based algorithm typically consists of an actor and a critic. We consider using various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Zaiwei Chen , Siva Theja Maguluri

We study the finite-time convergence of TD learning with linear function approximation under Markovian sampling. Existing proofs for this setting either assume a projection step in the algorithm to simplify the analysis, or require a fairly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Aritra Mitra

The automatic selection of an appropriate time step size has been considered extensively in the literature. However, most of the strategies developed operate under the assumption that the computational cost (per time step) is independent of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Lukas Einkemmer

Reinforcement learning with function approximation can be unstable and even divergent, especially when combined with off-policy learning and Bellman updates. In deep reinforcement learning, these issues have been dealt with empirically by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Dibya Ghosh , Marc G. Bellemare

Variable importance is one of the most widely used measures for interpreting machine learning with significant interest from both statistics and machine learning communities. Recently, increasing attention has been directed toward…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-22 Xiaohan Wang , Yunzhe Zhou , Giles Hooker

We study policy evaluation problems in multi-task reinforcement learning (RL) under a low-rank representation setting. In this setting, we are given $N$ learning tasks where the corresponding value function of these tasks lie in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yitao Bai , Sihan Zeng , Justin Romberg , Thinh T. Doan

Emphatic algorithms are temporal-difference learning algorithms that change their effective state distribution by selectively emphasizing and de-emphasizing their updates on different time steps. Recent works by Sutton, Mahmood and White…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-07 A. Rupam Mahmood , Huizhen Yu , Martha White , Richard S. Sutton

We propose a new approach to value function approximation which combines linear temporal difference reinforcement learning with subspace identification. In practical applications, reinforcement learning (RL) is complicated by the fact that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Byron Boots , Geoffrey J. Gordon

Predictions and predictive knowledge have seen recent success in improving not only robot control but also other applications ranging from industrial process control to rehabilitation. A property that makes these predictive approaches well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Johannes Günther , Nadia M. Ady , Alex Kearney , Michael R. Dawson , Patrick M. Pilarski

There is a long history of using meta learning as representation learning, specifically for determining the relevance of inputs. In this paper, we examine an instance of meta-learning in which feature relevance is learned by adapting step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Alex Kearney , Vivek Veeriah , Jaden Travnik , Patrick M. Pilarski , Richard S. Sutton

Robust imitation learning using disturbance injections overcomes issues of limited variation in demonstrations. However, these methods assume demonstrations are optimal, and that policy stabilization can be learned via simple augmentations.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Hirotaka Tahara , Hikaru Sasaki , Hanbit Oh , Brendan Michael , Takamitsu Matsubara

In the context of distributed deep learning, the issue of stale weights or gradients could result in poor algorithmic performance. This issue is usually tackled by delay tolerant algorithms with some mild assumptions on the objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Haoxiang Wang , Zhanhong Jiang , Chao Liu , Soumik Sarkar , Dongxiang Jiang , Young M. Lee

TD(0) is one of the most commonly used algorithms in reinforcement learning. Despite this, there is no existing finite sample analysis for TD(0) with function approximation, even for the linear case. Our work is the first to provide such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Gal Dalal , Balázs Szörényi , Gugan Thoppe , Shie Mannor

Recently, Zaremba et al. demonstrated that increasing inference-time computation improves robustness in large proprietary reasoning LLMs. In this paper, we first show that smaller-scale, open-source models (e.g., DeepSeek R1, Qwen3,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Tong Wu , Chong Xiang , Jiachen T. Wang , Weichen Yu , Chawin Sitawarin , Vikash Sehwag , Prateek Mittal

Temporal-difference (TD) learning is an important field in reinforcement learning. Sarsa and Q-Learning are among the most used TD algorithms. The Q($\sigma$) algorithm (Sutton and Barto (2017)) unifies both. This paper extends the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Markus Dumke