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Quantum technology can enable secure communication for cryptography purposes using quantum key distribution. Quantum key distribution protocols provide a secret key between two users with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Venkat Abhignan , Abhishek Jamunkar , Gokul Nair , Mohit Mittal , Megha Shrivastava

Quantum key distribution (QKD) will most likely be an integral part of any practical quantum network in the future. However, not all QKD protocols can be used in today's networks because of the lack of single-photon emitters and noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Nitin Jha , Abhishek Parakh , Mahadevan Subramaniam

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two distant users, Alice and Bob, to share secret keys. In existing QKD protocols, an eavesdropper's intervention will inevitably disturb the quantum signals; thus, Alice and Bob must monitor the…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a key application in quantum communication, enabling secure key exchange between parties using quantum states. Twin-field (TF) QKD offers a promising solution that surpasses the repeaterless limits, and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Chunfeng Huang , Rui Guan , Xin Liu , Wenjie He , Shizhuo Li , Hao Liang , Ziyang Luo , Zhenrong Zhang , Wei Li , Kejin Wei

We have successfully integrated an O-band commercial Quantum-Key-Distribution (QKD) system over a lit GPON testbed that replicates a carrier-grade Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) optical access network with multiple ONTs to emulate real-life FTTH…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uniquely allows distribution of cryptographic keys with security verified by quantum mechanical limits. Both protocol execution and subsequent applications require the assistance of classical data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-04 K. A. Patel , J. F. Dynes , I. Choi , A. W. Sharpe , A. R. Dixon , Z. L. Yuan , R. V. Penty , A. J. Shields

Improving the secret key rate is one of the vital issues in practical applications of quantum key distribution (QKD). In this paper, we propose an experimental scheme of high-dimensional measurement-device-independent quantum key…

Optics · Physics 2018-06-06 Wei Li , Shengmei Zhao

In this paper, we propose a quantum code division multiple access (q-CDMA) based continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system. In the proposed system, the quantum states of two senders ($\text{Alice}_{1,2}$) are chaotically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Shahnoor Ali , Neel Kanth Kundu

We developed a one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) system based upon a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) interferometer. This interferometer is expected to be free from the backscattering inherent in commercially available two-way QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yoshihiro Nambu , Ken'ichiro Yoshino , Akihisa Tomita

We propose a high-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol that employs temporal correlations of entangled photons. The security of the protocol relies on measurements by Alice and Bob in one of two conjugate bases, implemented…

A positive economic effect from the implementation of quantum key distribution (QKD) technology can be achieved only with significant scaling, which involves the deployment of branched metropolitan area networks. The creation of QKD systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Roman Shakhovoy , Evgeniy Dedkov , Igor Kudryashov

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) exploits the violation of a Bell inequality to extract secure key even if the users' devices are untrusted. Currently, all DIQKD protocols suffer from the secret key capacity bound, i.e.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-05 Yuan-Mei Xie , Bing-Hong Li , Yu-Shuo Lu , Xiao-Yu Cao , Wen-Bo Liu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

In this paper, we present a scheme for quantum key distribution, in which different-frequency photons are used to encode the key. Thses different-frequency photons are produced by an acoustic-optical modulator and two kinds of narrow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Bao-Sen Shi , Yun-Kun Jiang , Guang-Can Guo

Decoy states have been proven to be a very useful method for significantly enhancing the performance of quantum key distribution systems with practical light sources. While active modulation of the intensity of the laser pulses is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-17 Marcos Curty , Xiongfeng Ma , Bing Qi , Tobias Moroder

The fully passive source is capable of passively generating decoy states and performing passive encoding simultaneously, avoiding the side-channel risks caused by active modulation operations at the source end, thus effectively enhance the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-19 Jia-Wei Ying , Qi Zhang , Shi-Pu Gu , Xing-Fu Wang , Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng

In this paper, we propose to use the decoy-state technique to improve the security of the quantum key distribution (QKD) systems based on homodyne detection against the photon number splitting (PNS) attack. The decoy-state technique is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-28 S. Hamed Shams Mousavi , Philippe Gallion

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a means of generating keys between a pair of computing hosts that is theoretically secure against cryptanalysis, even by a quantum computer. Although there is much active research into improving the QKD…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Piotr K. Tysowski , Xinhua Ling , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Michele Mosca

Two time-reversal quantum key distribution (QKD) schemes are the quantum entanglement based device-independent (DI)-QKD and measurement-device-independent (MDI)-QKD. The recently proposed twin field (TF)-QKD, also known as phase-matching…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-01 Wei Li , Le Wang , Shengmei Zhao

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two users to exchange a provably secure key for cryptographic applications. In prepare-and-measure QKD protocols, the states must be indistinguishable to prevent information leakage to an eavesdropper…

In this paper, we propose a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol based on only a two-dimensional Hilbert space encoding a quantum system and independent devices between the equipment for state preparation and measurement. Our protocol is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Hong-Wei Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Wei Chen , Shuang Wang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han