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We present pygridsynth, an open-source Python library for ancilla-free approximate Clifford+$T$ synthesis that runs in $O(\log(1/\epsilon))$ for precision $\epsilon$. For $n=1, 2$ qubits, the library builds upon established efficient and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Shuntaro Yamamoto , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

We develop the first constructive algorithms for compiling single-qubit unitary gates into circuits over the universal $V$ basis. The $V$ basis is an alternative universal basis to the more commonly studied $\{H,T\}$ basis. We propose two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-29 Alex Bocharov , Yuri Gurevich , Krysta M. Svore

We provide a simple framework for the synthesis of quantum circuits based on a numerical optimization algorithm. This algorithm is used in the context of the trapped-ions technology. We derive theoretical lower bounds for the number of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Timothée Goubault de Brugière , Marc Baboulin , Benoît Valiron , Cyril Allouche

Preparing arbitrary logical states is a central primitive for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation and the cost of encoded-state preparation contributes directly to the overall resource overhead. This makes the synthesis of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Tom Peham , Matthew Steinberg , Robert Wille , Sascha Heußen

Quantum error correction is believed to be essential for scalable quantum computation, but its implementation is challenging due to its considerable space-time overhead. Motivated by recent experiments demonstrating efficient manipulation…

In order for quantum computations to be done as efficiently as possible it is important to optimise the number of gates used in the underlying quantum circuits. In this paper we find that many gate optimisation problems for approximately…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 John van de Wetering , Matt Amy

Quantum Entanglement is a fundamentally important resource in Quantum Information Science; however, generating it in practice is plagued by noise and decoherence, limiting its utility. Entanglement distillation and forward error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-14 Vaishnavi L. Addala , Shu Ge , Stefan Krastanov

Decoupling systems into independently evolving components has a long history of simplifying seemingly complex systems. They enable a better understanding of the underlying dynamics and causal structures while providing more efficient means…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 Ximing Wang , Chengran Yang , Mile Gu

A unitary operator U=\sum u_{j,k} |k><j| is called diagonal when u_{j,k}=0 unless j=k. The definition extends to quantum computations, where j and k vary over the 2^n binary expressions for integers 0,1 ..., 2^n-1, given n qubits. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephen S. Bullock , Igor L. Markov

We perform optimal-control-theory calculations to determine the minimum number of two-qubit CNOT gates needed to perform quantum state preparation and unitary operator synthesis for few-qubit systems. By considering all possible gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 Sahel Ashhab , Naoki Yamamoto , Fumiki Yoshihara , Kouichi Semba

We describe a compilation strategy for Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithms which use the Unitary Coupled Cluster (UCC) ansatz, designed to reduce circuit depth and gate count. This is achieved by partitioning Pauli exponential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-28 Alexander Cowtan , Will Simmons , Ross Duncan

The three-input TOFFOLI gate is the workhorse of circuit synthesis for classical logic operations on quantum data, e.g., reversible arithmetic circuits. In physical implementations, however, TOFFOLI gates are decomposed into six CNOT gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-03 Vivek V. Shende , Igor L. Markov

The Clifford group is a finite subgroup of the unitary group generated by the Hadamard, the CNOT, and the Phase gates. This group plays a prominent role in quantum error correction, randomized benchmarking protocols, and the study of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Sergey Bravyi , Ruslan Shaydulin , Shaohan Hu , Dmitri Maslov

Given an arbitrary single-qubit operation, an important task is to efficiently decompose this operation into an (exact or approximate) sequence of fault-tolerant quantum operations. We derive a depth-optimal canonical form for single-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-13 Alex Bocharov , Krysta M. Svore

While Clifford operations are relatively easy to implement in fault-tolerant quantum computers,continuous rotation gates remain a significant bottleneck in typical quantum algorithms. In this work, we ask the question: "What is the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Zhu Sun , Balint Koczor

This work focuses on reducing the physical cost of implementing quantum algorithms when using the state-of-the-art fault-tolerant quantum error correcting codes, in particular, those for which implementing the T gate consumes vastly more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Michele Mosca , Priyanka Mukhopadhyay

We present new optimal and heuristic algorithms for exact synthesis of multi-qubit unitaries and isometries. For example, our algorithms find Clifford and T circuits for unitaries with entries in $\mathbb{Z}[i,1/\sqrt{2}]$. The optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Sebastian Schönnenbeck

In this paper we study the Clifford+Toffoli universal fault-tolerant gate set. We introduce a generating set in order to represent any unitary implementable by this gate set and with this we derive a bound on the Toffoli-count of arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Priyanka Mukhopadhyay

We search for efficient disentanglers on random Clifford circuits of two-qubit gates arranged in a brick-wall pattern, using the proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm \cite{schulman2017proximalpolicyoptimizationalgorithms}.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Ning Bao , Keiichiro Furuya , Gun Suer

In fault-tolerant quantum computation and quantum error-correction one is interested on Pauli matrices that commute with a circuit/unitary. We provide a fast algorithm that decomposes any Clifford gate as a $\textit{minimal}$ product of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Tefjol Pllaha , Kalle Volanto , Olav Tirkkonen
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