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Inequalities play an important role in pure and applied mathematics. In particular, Jensen's inequality, one of the most famous inequalities, plays a main role in the study of the existence and uniqueness of initial and boundary value…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-02-09 Yamilet Quintana , José M. Rodríguez , José M. Sigarreta Almira

Classically, Jensen's Inequality asserts that if $X$ is a compact convex set, and $f:K\to \mathbb{R}$ is a convex function, then for any probability measure $\mu$ on $K$, that $f(\text{bar}(\mu))\le \int f\;d\mu$, where $\text{bar}(\mu)$ is…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2021-02-08 Adam Humeniuk

It is well known that the traditional Jensen inequality is proved by lower bounding the given convex function, $f(x)$, by the tangential affine function that passes through the point $(E\{X\},f(E\{X\}))$, where $E\{X\}$ is the expectation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Neri Merhav

In this note we prove Jensen-type inequality for certain non-convex functions. We apply our idea to prove some inequalities which were suggested at some high-level math olympiades.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-12-04 Adilsultan Lepes

This paper is mainly devoted to studying operator Jensen inequality. More precisely, a new generalization of Jensen inequality and its reverse version for convex (not necessary operator convex) functions have been proved. Several special…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-10 M. Shah Hosseini , H. R. Moradi , B. Moosavi

Since its original formulation, Jensen's inequality has played a fundamental role across mathematics, statistics, and machine learning, with its probabilistic version highlighting the nonnegativity of the so-called Jensen's gap, i.e., the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Marcin Mazur , Tadeusz Dziarmaga , Piotr Kościelniak , Łukasz Struski

In this article we give some improvements and generalizations of the famous Jensen's and Jensen-Mercer inequalities for twice differentiable functions, where convexity property of the target function is not assumed in advance. They…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Slavko Simic

Convex analysis is fundamental to proving inequalities that have a wide variety of applications in economics and mathematics. In this paper we provide Jensen-type inequalities for functions that are, intuitively, "very" convex. These…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Bar Light

In this paper we point out a converse result of the celebrated Jensen inequality for differentiable convex mappings of several variables and apply it to counterpart well-known analytic inequalities. Applications to Shannon's and Renyi's…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Sever Silvestru Dragomir

Jensen's inequality is ubiquitous in measure and probability theory, statistics, machine learning, information theory and many other areas of mathematics and data science. It states that, for any convex function $f\colon K \to \mathbb{R}$…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Ilja Klebanov

Jensen's trace inequality is established for every multivariable, convex function and every trace or trace-like functional on a C*-algebra.

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Frank Hansen , Gert K. Pedersen

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a $C^*$-algebra and $\phi:\cA\to L(H)$ be a positive unital map. Then, for a convex function $f:I\to \mathbb{R}$ defined on some open interval and a self-adjoint element $a\in \mathcal{A}$ whose spectrum lies in $I$, we…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jorge Antezana , Pedro Massey , Demetrio Stojanoff

In this paper we have considered a difference of Jensen's inequality for convex functions and proved some of its properties. In particular, we have obtained results for Csisz\'{a}r \cite{csi1} $f-$divergence. A result is established that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Inder Jeet Taneja

In this paper we use basic properties of strongly convex functions to obtain new inequalities including Jensen's type and Jensen-Mercer type inequalities. Applications for special means are pointed out as well. We also give a Jensen's…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-07-06 H. R. Moradi , M. E. Omidvar , M. Adil Khan , K. Nikodem

In this paper, using some aspects of convex functions, we refine discrete Jensen's inequality via weight functions. Then, using these results, we give some applications in different abstract spaces and obtain some new interesting…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jamal Rooin

Problems pointwise estimates from above functions or its averages often arise in the function theory under known integral restrictions on the growth of this function. We offer an approach to such problems based on the integral Jensen's…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2016-10-12 R. A. Baladai , B. N. Khabibullin

Jensen's inequality, attributed to Johan Jensen -- a Danish mathematician and engineer noted for his contributions to the theory of functions -- is a ubiquitous result in convex analysis, providing a fundamental lower bound for the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Sambhab Mishra

Let $(M,d)$ be a separable and complete geodesic space with curvature lower bounded, by $\kappa\in \mathbb R$, in the sense of Alexandrov. Let $\mu$ be a Borel probability measure on $M$, such that $\mu\in\mathcal P_2(M)$, and that has at…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Quentin Paris

In this paper, we give the refinement of an extension of Jensen's inequality to affine combinations. Furthermore, we present the functional form of Jensen's inequality for continuous 3-convex functions of one variable at a point.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-01-25 Imran Abbas Baloch , Silvestru Sever Dragomir

The Jensen's inequality plays a crucial role in the analysis of time-delay and sampled-data systems. Its conservatism is studied through the use of the Gr\"{u}ss Inequality. It has been reported in the literature that fragmentation (or…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2012-04-06 Corentin Briat
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