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An algorithm to calculate the density of states, based on the well-known Wang-Landau method, is introduced. Independent random walks are performed in different restricted ranges of energy, and the resultant density of states is modified by…
Crowd counting is an important task in computer vision, which has many applications in video surveillance. Although the regression-based framework has achieved great improvements for crowd counting, how to improve the discriminative power…
Quantifying the spatial organization of human settlements is fundamental to understanding the complexity of urban systems. However, the quantitative patterns of the distribution of villages, towns, and cities that lie between random and…
Since Particulate Matters (PMs) are closely related to people's living and health, it has become one of the most important indicator of air quality monitoring around the world. But the existing sensor-based methods for PM monitoring have…
Density estimation for geospatial data ideally relies on precise geocoordinates, typically defined by longitude and latitude. However, such detailed information is often unavailable due to confidentiality constraints. As a result, analysts…
Neighborhood gentrification plays a significant role in shaping the social and economic well-being of both individuals and communities at large. While some efforts have been made to detect gentrification in cities, existing approaches rely…
The distribution of the population of cities has attracted a great deal of attention, in part because it sharply constrains models of local growth. However, to this day, there is no consensus on the distribution below the very upper tail,…
We have assembled CO2 emission figures from collections of urban GHG emission estimates published in peer reviewed journals or reports from research institutes and non-governmental organizations. Analyzing the scaling with population size…
Accurate density estimation methodologies play an integral role in a variety of scientific disciplines, with applications including simulation models, decision support tools, and exploratory data analysis. In the past, histograms and kernel…
A general multi-type population model is considered, where individuals live and reproduce according to their age and type, but also under the influence of the size and composition of the entire population. We describe the dynamics of the…
Density power divergence (DPD) is designed to robustly estimate the underlying distribution of observations, in the presence of outliers. However, DPD involves an integral of the power of the parametric density models to be estimated; the…
We investigate some properties of density measures -- finitely additive measures on the set of natural numbers $\N$ extending asymptotic density. We introduce a class of density measures, which is defined using cluster points of the…
This work studies how to estimate the mean-field density of large-scale systems in a distributed manner. Such problems are motivated by the recent swarm control technique that uses mean-field approximations to represent the collective…
As urban critic Jane Jacobs conceived, a city is essentially the problem of organized complexity. What underlies the complexity refers to a structural factor, called living structure, which is defined as a mathematical structure composed of…
Investigations of a possible connection between population density and the propagation and magnitude of epidemics have so far led to mixed and unconvincing results. There are three reasons for that. (i) Previous studies did not focus on the…
Despite the long history of modelling human mobility, we continue to lack a highly accurate approach with low data requirements for predicting mobility patterns in cities. Here, we present a population-weighted opportunities model without…
Urban development is shaped by historical, geographical, and economic factors, presenting challenges for planners in understanding urban form. This study models commute flows across multiple U.S. cities, uncovering consistent patterns in…
This paper presents a novel geometrical approach to investigate the convexity of a density-based cluster. Our approach is grid-based and we are about to calibrate the value space of the cluster. However, the cluster objects are coming from…
The generalized density is a product of a density function and a weight function. For example, the average local brightness of an astronomical image is the probability of finding a galaxy times the mean brightness of the galaxy. We propose…
Scaling laws are powerful summaries of the variations of urban attributes with city size. However, the validity of their universal meaning for cities is hampered by the observation that different scaling regimes can be encountered for the…