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Related papers: Reachability in Two-Dimensional Vector Addition Sy…

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We consider a variant of VASS extended with integer counters, denoted VASS+Z. These are automata equipped with N and Z counters; the N-counters are required to remain nonnegative and the Z-counters do not have this restriction. We study the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Clotilde Bizière , Wojciech Czerwiński , Roland Guttenberg , Jérôme Leroux , Vincent Michielini , Łukasz Orlikowski , Antoni Puch , Henry Sinclair-Banks

We consider the problems of language inclusion and language equivalence for Vector Addition Systems with States (VASS) with the acceptance condition defined by the set of accepting states (and more generally by some upward-closed…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Wojciech Czerwiński , Piotr Hofman

Reachability for piecewise affine systems is known to be undecidable, starting from dimension $2$. In this paper we investigate the exact complexity of several decidable variants of reachability and control questions for piecewise affine…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Hugo Bazille , Olivier Bournez , Walid Gomaa , Amaury Pouly

Reachability problems in infinite-state systems are often subject to extremely high complexity. This motivates the investigation of efficient overapproximations, where we add transitions to obtain a system in which reachability can be…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Moses Ganardi , Rupak Majumdar , Georg Zetzsche

In this work, we extend undecidability of language equivalence for two-dimensional Vector Addition System with States (VASS) accepting by coverability condition. We show that the problem is undecidable even when one of the two-dimensional…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Wojciech Czerwiński , Łukasz Orlikowski

We investigate the parameterised complexity of the classic coverability problem for vector addition systems (VAS): given a finite set of vectors $V \subseteq\mathbb{Z}^d$, an initial configuration $s\in\mathbb{N}^d$, and a target…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Michał Pilipczuk , Sylvain Schmitz , Henry Sinclair-Banks

We consider two-player turn-based games with zero-reachability and zero-safety objectives generated by extended vector addition systems with states. Although the problem of deciding the winner in such games is undecidable in general, we…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-02-15 Tomas Brazdil , Petr Jancar , Antonin Kucera

By adapting the iterative yardstick construction of Stockmeyer, we show that the reachability problem for vector addition systems with a stack does not have elementary complexity. As a corollary, the same lower bound holds for the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-08 Ranko Lazic

Does the trace language of a given vector addition system (VAS) intersect with a given context-free language? This question lies at the heart of several verification questions involving recursive programs with integer parameters. In…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-30 Jérôme Leroux , Grégoire Sutre , Patrick Totzke

We study pushdown vector addition systems, which are synchronized products of pushdown automata with vector addition systems. The question of the boundedness of the reachability set for this model can be refined into two decision problems…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-28 Jérôme Leroux , Grégoire Sutre , Patrick Totzke

A vector addition system with states (VASS) consists of a finite set of states and counters. A transition changes the current state to the next state, and every counter is either incremented, or decremented, or left unchanged. A state and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Thomas A. Henzinger , Jan Otop

The reachability problem in cooperating systems is known to be PSPACE-complete. We show here that this problem remains PSPACE-complete when we restrict the communication structure between the subsystems in various ways. For this purpose we…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-12-31 Mila Majster-Cederbaum , Nils Semmelrock

The reachability problem in vector addition systems is a central question, not only for the static verification of these systems, but also for many inter-reducible decision problems occurring in various fields. The currently best known…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Jérôme Leroux , Sylvain Schmitz

In this paper, the reachability of dimension-bounded linear systems is investigated.Since state dimensions of dimension-bounded linear systems vary with time, the expression of state dimension at each time is provided.A method for judging…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-21 Yiliang Li , Haitao Li , Jun-e Feng , Jinjin Li

Multi-pushdown systems are a standard model for concurrent recursive programs, but they have an undecidable reachability problem. Therefore, there have been several proposals to underapproximate their sets of runs so that reachability in…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Aneesh K. Shetty , S. Krishna , Georg Zetzsche

When designing optimal controllers for any system, it is often the case that the true state of the system is unknown to the controller, for example due to noisy measurements or partially observable states. Incomplete state information must…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-01-23 Kendra Lesser , Meeko Oishi

The decision problems on matrices were intensively studied for many decades as matrix products play an essential role in the representation of various computational processes. However, many computational problems for matrix semigroups are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Igor Potapov , Pavel Semukhin

Higher-order pushdown systems (PDSs) generalise pushdown systems through the use of higher-order stacks, that is, a nested "stack of stacks" structure. These systems may be used to model higher-order programs and are closely related to the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Matthew Hague , C. -H. Luke Ong

In many kinds of infinite-state systems, the coverability problem has significantly lower complexity than the reachability problem. In order to delineate the border of computational hardness between coverability and reachability, we propose…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yousef Shakiba , Henry Sinclair-Banks , Georg Zetzsche

We study verification problems for history-constrained systems (HCS), a model of guarded computation that uses nested systems. An outer system describes the process architecture in which a sequence of actions represents the communication…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Louwe B. Kuijer , David Purser , Henry Sinclair-Banks , Patrick Totzke