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The Hamilton-Waterloo problem asks for which $s$ and $r$ the complete graph $K_n$ can be decomposed into $s$ copies of a given 2-factor $F_1$ and $r$ copies of a given 2-factor $F_2$ (and one copy of a 1-factor if $n$ is even). In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-09 Melissa Keranen , Adrián Pastine

In 1984, Erd\H{o}s and Simonovits conjectured the following: given a bipartite graph $H$, there exist constants $\beta, C > 0$ such that any graph $G$ on $n$ vertices and $pn^2\geq C \mathrm{ex}(n, H)$ edges contains at least $\beta…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Zihao Jin , Sean Longbrake , Liana Yepremyan

The prism over a graph $G$ is the Cartesian product of $G$ with the complete graph on two vertices. A graph $G$ is prism-hamiltonian if the prism over $G$ is hamiltonian. We prove that every polyhedral graph (i.e. 3-connected planar graph)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-12 Simon Špacapan

A graph $G$ is equimatchable if any matching in $G$ is a subset of a maximum-size matching. It is known that any $2$-connected equimatchable graph is either bipartite or factor-critical. We prove that for any vertex $v$ of a $2$-connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-13 Eduard Eiben , Michal Kotrbčík

A subgraph $H$ of a multigraph $G$ is overfull if $ |E(H) | > \Delta(G) \lfloor |V(H)|/2 \rfloor$. Analogous to the Overfull Conjecture proposed by Chetwynd and Hilton in 1986, Stiebitz et al. in 2012 formed the multigraph version of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-13 Michael J. Plantholt , Songling Shan

For any graph (hypergraph) $G$ with vertex set $V$ and edge set $E$, we define its incidence bipartite graph $\mathcal{I}(G)$ as the bipartite graph with bipartition $(E, V)$, where an edge $e \in E$ is adjacent to a vertex $v \in V$ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Yuping Gao , Songling Shan , Gexin Yu

If $G$ and $H$ are two cubic graphs, then an $H$-coloring of $G$ is a proper edge-coloring $f$ with edges of $H$, such that for each vertex $x$ of $G$, there is a vertex $y$ of $H$ with $f(\partial_G(x))=\partial_H(y)$. If $G$ admits an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-26 Anush Hakobyan , Vahan Mkrtchyan

A graph $G$ is factored into graphs $H$ and $K$ via a matrix product if there exist adjacency matrices $A$, $B$, and $C$ of $G$, $H$, and $K$, respectively, such that $A = BC$. In this paper, we study the spectral aspects of the matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-08 Saieed Akbari , Yi-Zheng Fan , Fu-Tao Hu , Babak Miraftab , Yi Wang

We prove that every recurrent graph $G$ quasi-isometric to $\mathbb{R}$ admits an essentially unique Lipschitz harmonic function $h$. If $G$ is vertex-transitive, then the action of $Aut(G)$ preserves $\partial h$ up to a sign, a fact that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-27 Agelos Georgakopoulos , Alex Wendland

A bridgeless cubic graph $G$ is said to have a 2-bisection if there exists a 2-vertex-colouring of $G$ (not necessarily proper) such that: (i) the colour classes have the same cardinality, and (ii) the monochromatic components are either an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-16 Jean Paul Zerafa

For a graph $G$, let $\mu_k(G):=\min~\{\max_{x\in S}d_G(x):~S\in \mathcal{S}_k\}$, where $\mathcal{S}_k$ is the set consisting of all independent sets $\{u_1,\ldots,u_k\}$ of $G$ such that some vertex, say $u_i$ ($1\leq i\leq k$), is at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Zhiquan Hu , Jie Wang , Changlong Shen

In the $(G,H)$-isomorphism game, a verifier interacts with two non-communicating players (called provers) by privately sending each of them a random vertex from either $G$ or $H$, whose aim is to convince the verifier that two graphs $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Laura Mančinska , David E. Roberson , Antonios Varvitsiotis

We study harmonic morphisms of graphs as a natural discrete analogue of holomorphic maps between Riemann surfaces. We formulate a graph-theoretic analogue of the classical Riemann-Hurwitz formula, study the functorial maps on Jacobians and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-07-18 Matthew Baker , Serguei Norine

We prove for every graph H there exists a>0 such that, for every graph G with at least two vertices, if no induced subgraph of G is a subdivision of H, then either some vertex of G has at least a|G| neighbours, or there are two disjoint…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-03 Maria Chudnovsky , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour , Sophie Spirkl

Back in the Eighties, Heath showed that every 3-planar graph is subhamiltonian and asked whether this result can be extended to a class of graphs of degree greater than three. In this paper we affirmatively answer this question for the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-01-06 Michael A. Bekos , Martin Gronemann , Chrysanthi N. Raftopoulou

We enumerate factorisations of the complete bipartite graph into spanning semiregular graphs in several cases, including when the degrees of all the factors except one or two are small. The resulting asymptotic behaviour is seen to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-21 Mahdieh Hasheminezhad , Brendan D. McKay

We define pure graphs, invertible graphs, and the notion of complementation of bicoloured graphs. The study of pure graphs is motivated by two conjectures about the transition systems of eulerian graphs and by the Cycle Double Cover…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 François Genest

We prove that every internally 4-connected non-planar bipartite graph has an odd K_3,3 subdivision; that is, a subgraph obtained from K_3,3 by replacing its edges by internally disjoint odd paths with the same ends. The proof gives rise to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-28 Robin Thomas , Peter Whalen

Let $k \geq 2$ be an integer. We say that a graph $G$ is $(K_2 \cup kK_1)$-free if it does not contain $K_2 \cup kK_1$ as an induced subgraph. Recently, Shi and Shan conjectured that every $1$-tough and $2k$-connected $(K_2 \cup kK_1)$-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-22 Katsuhiro Ota , Masahiro Sanka

The intention of the paper is to move a step towards a classification of network topologies that exhibit periodic quantum dynamics. We show that the evolution of a quantum system, whose hamiltonian is identical to the adjacency matrix of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nitin Saxena , Simone Severini , Igor Shparlinski