Related papers: All pairs suffice

Let $F_G(P)$ be a functional defined on the set of all the probability distributions on the vertex set of a graph $G$. We say that $G$ is \emph{symmetric with respect to $F_G(P)$} if the uniform distribution on $V(G)$ maximizes $F_G(P)$.…

A ring $R$ is (strongly) 2-nil-clean if every element in $R$ is the sum of two idempotents and a nilpotent (that commute). Fundamental properties of such rings are discussed. Let $R$ be a 2-primal ring. If $R$ is strongly 2-nil-clean, we…

A k-system of the graph G(P) of a simple polytope P is a set of induced subgraphs of G(P) that shares certain properties with the set of subgraphs induced by the k-faces of P. This new concept leads to polynomial-size certificates in terms…

The power graph $\mathcal{P}(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $G$, in which two distinct vertices are adjacent if one of them is an integral power of the other. For an integer $n\geq 2$, let $C_n$…

Subsets of a matrix algebra over a field that are invariant under conjugation and contain the linear span of each two of their commuting elements are described. They obviously include the subsets of diagonalizable and nilpotent matrices. In…

The set A of distinct scores of the vertices of an oriented bipartite graph D(U, V) is called its score set. We consider the following question: given a finite, nonempty set A of positive integers, is there an oriented bipartite graph D(U,…

A split of a polytope $P$ is a (regular) subdivision with exactly two maximal cells. It turns out that each weight function on the vertices of $P$ admits a unique decomposition as a linear combination of weight functions corresponding to…

For a ring $R$, the zero-divisor graph is a simple graph $\Gamma(R)$ whose vertex set is the set of all non-zero zero-divisors in a ring $R$, and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy=0$ or $yx=0$ in $R$. By…

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a sequence of $rk$ terms which is made up of $k$ distinct integers each appearing exactly $r$ times in $\mathcal{A}$. The sum of all terms of a subsequence of $\mathcal{A}$ is called a subsequence sum of $\mathcal{A}$.…

A set $I$ is said to be a universal indifferent set for $1$-genericity if for every $1$-generic $G$ and for all $X \subseteq I$, $G \Delta X$ is also $1$-generic. Miller showed that there is no infinite universal indifferent set for…

Let $K[\mathcal{O}(P)]$ denote the toric ring of the order polytope $\mathcal{O}(P)$ of a finite partially ordered set $P$ and $K[\mathcal{C}(P)]$ that of the chain polytope $\mathcal{C}(P)$. It will be shown that $\beta_{p,…

We prove that in any $n$-vertex complete graph there is a collection $\mathcal{P}$ of $(1 + o(1))n$ paths that strongly separates any pair of distinct edges $e, f$, meaning that there is a path in $\mathcal{P}$ which contains $e$ but not…

Given a matrix with partitions of its rows and columns and entries from a field, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions that it has a non--singular submatrix with certain number of rows from each row partition and certain number of…

A set of vertices is $k$-sparse if it induces a graph with a maximum degree of at most $k$. In this missive, we consider the order of the largest $k$-sparse set in a triangle-free graph of fixed order. We show, for example, that every…

In this paper we introduce the notion of an idempotent system. This linear algebraic object is motivated by the structure of an association scheme. We focus on a family of idempotent systems, said to be symmetric. A symmetric idempotent…

A real $n$-by-$n$ idempotent matrix $A$ with all entries having the same absolute value is called {\it absolutely flat}. We consider the possible ranks of such matrices and herein characterize the triples: size, constant, and rank for which…

A retract of a graph $\Gamma$ is an induced subgraph $\Psi$ of $\Gamma$ such that there exists a homomorphism from $\Gamma$ to $\Psi$ whose restriction to $\Psi$ is the identity map. A graph is a core if it has no nontrivial retracts. In…

Let $N$ be a positive integer, $\mathbb{A}$ be a nonempty subset of $\mathbb{Q}$ and $\alpha=\dfrac{\alpha_{1}}{\alpha_{2}}\in \mathbb{A}\setminus \{0,N\}$. $\alpha$ is called an $N$-Korselt base (equivalently $N$ is said an…

A vertex subset $S$ of a graph $G$ is a dominating set if every vertex of $G$ either belongs to $S$ or is adjacent to a vertex of $S$. The cardinality of a smallest dominating set is called the dominating number of $G$ and is denoted by…

A palintiple is a natural number which is an integer multiple of its digit reversal. A previous paper partitions all palintiples into three distinct classes according to patterns in the carries and then determines all palintiples belonging…