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We present the first definition of strictly associative and unital $\infty$-category. Our proposal takes the form of a type theory whose terms describe the operations of such structures, and whose definitional equality relation enforces…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-08 Eric Finster , Alex Rice , Jamie Vicary

Recent works have shown the power of linear indexed type systems for enforcing complex program properties. These systems combine linear types with a language of type-level indices, allowing more fine-grained analyses. Such systems have been…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Arthur Azevedo de Amorim , Emilio Jesús Gallego Arias , Marco Gaboardi , Justin Hsu

Type theories can be formalized using the intrinsically (hard) or the extrinsically (soft) typed style. In large libraries of type theoretical features, often both styles are present, which can lead to code duplication and integration…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Florian Rabe , Navid Roux

Logically constrained term rewriting is a rewriting framework that supports built-in data structures such as integers and bit vectors. Recently, constrained terms play a key role in various analyses and applications of logically constrained…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Kanta Takahata , Jonas Schöpf , Naoki Nishida , Takahito Aoto

The \emph{receptive fields} of deep learning classification models determine the regions of the input data that have the most significance for providing correct decisions. The primary way to learn such receptive fields is to train the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Ehsan Yaghoubi , Diana Borza , Aruna Kumar , Hugo Proença

Logically constrained term rewrite systems (LCTRSs) are a rewriting formalism that naturally supports built-in data structures, including integers and bit-vectors. The recent framework of existentially constrained terms and most general…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Takahito Aoto , Naoki Nishida , Jonas Schöpf

Categories with families (CwFs) have been used to define the semantics of type theory in type theory. In the setting of Homotopy Type Theory (HoTT), one of the limitations of the traditional notion of CwFs is the requirement to set-truncate…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Thorsten Altenkirch , Ambrus Kaposi , Szumi Xie

In the last twenty years, several approaches to higher-order rewriting have been proposed, among which Klop's Combinatory Rewrite Systems (CRSs), Nipkow's Higher-order Rewrite Systems (HRSs) and Jouannaud and Okada's higher-order algebraic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Frédéric Blanqui

Learning identity-discriminative representations with multi-scene generality has become a critical objective in person re-identification (ReID). However, mainstream perception-driven paradigms tend to identify fitting from massive annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Quan Zhang , Jingze Wu , Jialong Wang , Xiaohua Xie , Jianhuang Lai , Hongbo Chen

We define a general class of dependent type theories, encompassing Martin-L\"of's intuitionistic type theories and variants and extensions. The primary aim is pragmatic: to unify and organise their study, allowing results and constructions…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-09-14 Andrej Bauer , Philipp G. Haselwarter , Peter LeFanu Lumsdaine

The type used to print an early modern book can give scholars valuable information about the time and place of its production as well as its producer. Recognizing such type is currently done manually using both the character shapes of `M'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Vincent Christlein , Nikolaus Weichselbaumer , Saskia Limbach , Mathias Seuret

Refinement types sharpen systems of simple and dependent types by offering expressive means to more precisely classify well-typed terms. We present a system of refinement types for LF in the style of recent formulations where only canonical…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-07-01 William Lovas , Frank Pfenning

We consider the problem of defining the integers in Homotopy Type Theory (HoTT). We can define the type of integers as signed natural numbers (i.e., using a coproduct), but its induction principle is very inconvenient to work with, since it…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Thorsten Altenkirch , Luis Scoccola

We use a labelled deduction system based on the concept of computational paths (sequences of rewrites) as equalities between two terms of the same type. We also define a term rewriting system that is used to make computations between these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Tiago M. L. Veras , Arthur F. Ramos , Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz , Anjolina G. de Oliveira

A linear parameter must be consumed exactly once in the body of its function. When declaring resources such as file handles and manually managed memory as linear arguments, a linear type system can verify that these resources are used…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Arnaud Spiwack , Csongor Kiss , Jean-Philippe Bernardy , Nicolas Wu , Richard Eisenberg

Conventional entity typing approaches are based on independent classification paradigms, which make them difficult to recognize inter-dependent, long-tailed and fine-grained entity types. In this paper, we argue that the implicitly entailed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Qing Liu , Hongyu Lin , Xinyan Xiao , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Hua Wu

A type description is a succinct noun compound which helps human and machines to quickly grasp the informative and distinctive information of an entity. Entities in most knowledge graphs (KGs) still lack such descriptions, thus calling for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Jiangjie Chen , Ao Wang , Haiyun Jiang , Suo Feng , Chenguang Li , Yanghua Xiao

Not all people are equally easy to identify: color statistics might be enough for some cases while others might require careful reasoning about high- and low-level details. However, prevailing person re-identification(re-ID) methods use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Yan Wang , Lequn Wang , Yurong You , Xu Zou , Vincent Chen , Serena Li , Gao Huang , Bharath Hariharan , Kilian Q. Weinberger

Graded type theories are an emerging paradigm for augmenting the reasoning power of types with parameterizable, fine-grained analyses of program properties. There have been many such theories in recent years which equip a type theory with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Benjamin Moon , Harley Eades , Dominic Orchard

A reflective subuniverse in homotopy type theory is an internal version of the notion of a localization in topology or in the theory of $\infty$-categories. Working in homotopy type theory, we give new characterizations of the following…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-19 J. Daniel Christensen , Egbert Rijke