Related papers: Some applications of numerosities in measure theor…
In this paper we introduce the notion of elementary numerosity as a special function defined on all subsets of a given set X which takes values in a suitable non-Archimedean field, and satisfies the same formal properties of finite…
We propose an alternative approach to probability theory closely related to the framework of numerosity theory: non-Archimedean probability (NAP). In our approach, unlike in classical probability theory, all subsets of an infinite sample…
We use Pesin theory to study possible equilibrium measures for piecewise monotone maps of the interval. The maps may have unbounded derivative.
We report an inconsistency found in probability theory (also referred to as measure-theoretic probability). For probability measures induced by real-valued random variables, we deduce an "equality" such that one side of the "equality" is a…
In this note we give an example of a nonmeasurable set in the probability space for an infinite sequence of coin flips. The example arises naturally from the notion of an equivariant function, and serves as a pedagogical illustration of the…
The article is devoted to the investigation of particular classes of quasi-invariant descending at infinity measures on linear spaces over non-Archimedean fields such that measures are with values in non-Archimedean fields also. Their…
It is well-established that quantum probability does not follow classical Kolmogorov probability calculus. Various approaches have been developed to loosen the axioms, of which the use of signed measures is the most successful (e.g. the…
The article is devoted to the investigation of properties of quasi-invariant measures with values in non-Archimedean fields such as: convolutions of measures and functions; continuity of functions of measures; non-associative noncommutative…
Several different versions of the theory of numerosities have been introduced in the literature. Here, we unify these approaches in a consistent frame through the notion of set of labels, relating numerosities with the Kiesler field of…
I explore the use of sets of probability measures as a representation of uncertainty.
Majorization theory is a powerful mathematical tool to compare the disorder in distributions, with wide-ranging applications in many fields including mathematics, physics, information theory, and economics. While majorization theory…
We show from a categorical point of view that probability measures on certain measurable or topological spaces arise canonically as the extension of probability distributions on countable sets. We do this by constructing probability monads…
We analyze the notion that physical theories are quantitative and testable by observations in experiments. This leads us to propose a new, Bayesian, interpretation of probabilities in physics that unifies their current use in classical…
In this paper, we introduce for the first time the notions of neutrosophic measure and neutrosophic integral, and we develop the 1995 notion of neutrosophic probability. We present many practical examples. It is possible to define the…
We propose and study a novel collection of signed measures, which will be apply called Taylor measures. Stochastic versions of the new measures are also defined and studied. We illustrate, through examples, how the deterministic and…
In this work, we elaborate on a measure-theoretic approach to negative probabilities. We study a natural notion of contextuality measure and characterize its main properties. Then, we apply this measure to relevant examples of quantum…
We consider, and make precise, a certain extension of the Radon-Nikodym derivative operator, to functions which are additive, but not necessarily sigma-additive, on a subset of a given sigma-algebra. We give applications to probability…
We develop new aspects of the the of numerosity theory; more exactly, we emphasize its relation with the ordinal numbers, cardinal numbers, hyperreal numbers and surreal numbers. In particular, we combine the notion of numerosity with the…
This is a survey of the diversity of problems in additive number theory. Equity requires the consideration of less currently popular problems, and suggests their inclusion in the additive canon. Of particular interest are problems about the…
This is an introduction to measure theory, integration and function spaces, with all the needed preliminaries included, and with some applications included as well. We first discuss some basic motivations, coming from discrete probability,…