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In [BabStein] Babson and Steingr\'{\i}msson introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. In [Kit1] Kitaev considered simultaneous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Kitaev , T. Mansour

We introduce a deformed squared Markov equation given by $X^2 + Y^2 + Z^2 + (q+q^{-1})(XY+YZ+XZ) = 3(1 + q + q^{-1})XYZ$. Symmetric solutions of this new equation present a remarkable factorization property which allows us to talk about…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Léa Bittmann , Perrine Jouteur , Ezgi Kantarcı Oğuz , Melody Molander , Emine Yıldırım

We introduce a new sequence of unsigned degenerate Stirling numbers of the first kind. Following the work of Adell-Lekuona, who represented unsigned Stirling numbers of the first kind as multiples of the expectations of specific random…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-04 Taekyun Kim , Dae san Kim , Kyo-Shin Hwang , Dmitry V. Dolgy

We present (bi-)symmetric generating functions for the joint distributions of Euler-Stirling statistics on permutations, including the number of descents ($\mathsf{des}$), inverse descents ($\mathsf{ides}$), the number of left-to-right…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Emma Yu Jin

A stochastic model, the product of a circulant matrix and a random normal vector, is shown to produce an evolutive long memory time series with a power law spectral density. The distribution of the time series, a beta location scale family…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Robert Kimberk

A number system coding for the permutations generated by cyclic shift is described. The system allows to find the rank of a permutation given how it has been generated, and to determine a permutation given its rank. It defines a code…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-04-08 Stéphane Legendre

We define a variation of Stirling permutations, called quasi-Stirling permutations, to be permutations on the multiset $\{1,1,2,2,\ldots, n,n\}$ that avoid the patterns 1212 and 2121. Their study is motivated by a known relationship between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-20 Kassie Archer , Adam Gregory , Bryan Pennington , Stephanie Slayden

This paper introduces a Markov process inspired by the problem of quasicrystal growth. It acts over dimer tilings of the triangular grid by randomly performing local transformations, called {\em flips}, which do not increase the number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-01 Thomas Fernique , Damien Regnault

The classes of tree permutations and forest permutations were defined by Acan and Hitczenko (2016). We study random permutations of a given length from these classes, and in particular the number of occurrences of a fixed pattern in one of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-10 Svante Janson

We study generating functions for the number of permutations in $S_n$ subject to set of restrictions. One of the restrictions belongs to $S_3$, while the others to $S_k$. It turns out that in a large variety of cases the answer can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. Mansour

We prove several general formulas for the distributions of various permutation statistics over any set of permutations whose quasisymmetric generating function is a symmetric function. Our formulas involve certain kinds of plethystic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-21 Ira M. Gessel , Yan Zhuang

Generalizing the notion of a vexillary permutation, we introduce a filtration of S_infinity by the number of Schur function terms in the Stanley symmetric function, with the kth filtration level called the k-vexillary permutations. We show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-15 Sara Billey , Brendan Pawlowski

We study aspects of the enumeration of permutation classes, sets of permutations closed downwards under the subpermutation order. First, we consider monotone grid classes of permutations. We present procedures for calculating the generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-23 David Bevan

Let Y be a random variable whose moment generating function exists in a neighborhood of the origin. Recently, probabilistic Stirling numbers of the first kind and of the second kind associated with Y have been introduced. However,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Dae San Kim , Taekyun Kim

In this paper, we introduce Gram matrices for the signed partition algebras, the algebra of $\mathbb{Z}_2$-relations and the partition algebras. We prove that the Gram matrix is similar to a matrix which is a direct sum of block…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-07-09 N. Karimilla Bi , M. Parvathi

We study generating functions for the number of involutions in $S_n$ avoiding (or containing once) 132, and avoiding (or containing once) an arbitrary permutation $\tau$ on $k$ letters. In several interesting cases the generating function…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 O. Guibert , T. Mansour

In this work we define two kinds of crested product for reversible Markov chains, which naturally appear as a generalization of the case of crossed and nested product, as in association schemes theory, even if we do a construction that…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-03-04 Daniele D'Angeli , Alfredo Donno

In this thesis, we apply the stack sorting operator to $r$-permutations and construct the functional equation for the generating function of two-stack-sortable $k$-tuple $r$-permutations counted by descents by using a factorization similar…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dapeng Xu

An ordered partition of [n]:={1,2,..., n} is a sequence of its disjoint subsets whose union is [n]. The number of ordered partitions of [n] with k blocks is k!S(n,k), where S(n,k) is the Stirling number of second kind. In this paper we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Masao Ishikawa , Anisse Kasraoui , Jiang Zeng

How to establish the matching (or corresponding) between two different 3D shapes is a classical problem. This paper focused on the research on shape mapping of 3D mesh models, and proposed a shape mapping algorithm based on Hidden Markov…

Graphics · Computer Science 2017-07-31 Yong Wang , Huai-yu Wu