Related papers: Canonical Logic Programs are Succinctly Incomparab…
This article discusses ability of Linear Programming models to be used as solvers of NP-complete problems. Integer Linear Programming is known as NP-complete problem, but non-integer Linear Programming problems can be solved in polynomial…
We study quantified propositional logics from the complexity theoretic point of view. First we introduce alternating dependency quantified boolean formulae (ADQBF) which generalize both quantified and dependency quantified boolean formulae.…
Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved great improvements in recent years. Nevertheless, it still remains unclear how good LLMs are for reasoning tasks, especially for long-chain ones. In this paper, we evaluate LLMs' performance on the…
A recent framework of relativized hyperequivalence of programs offers a unifying generalization of strong and uniform equivalence. It seems to be especially well suited for applications in program optimization and modular programming due to…
Probabilistic argumentation allows reasoning about argumentation problems in a way that is well-founded by probability theory. However, in practice, this approach can be severely limited by the fact that probabilities are defined by adding…
LP$^{\supset,\mathsf{F}}$ is a three-valued paraconsistent propositional logic which is essentially the same as J3. It has most properties that have been proposed as desirable properties of a reasonable paraconsistent propositional logic.…
The categorical models of the differential lambda-calculus are additive categories because of the Leibniz rule which requires the summation of two expressions. This means that, as far as the differential lambda-calculus and differential…
The following paper proposes a new approach to determine whether a logical (CNF) formula is satisfiable or not using probability theory methods. Furthermore, we will introduce an algorithm that speeds up the standard solution for (CNF-SAT)…
We present a method for verifying partial correctness properties of imperative programs that manipulate integers and arrays by using techniques based on the transformation of constraint logic programs (CLP). We use CLP as a metalanguage for…
Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) and Hereditary Harrop formulas (HH) are two well known ways to enhance the expressivity of Horn clauses. In this paper, we present a novel combination of these two approaches. We show how to enrich the…
As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…
This paper argues that the requirement of applicableness of quantum linearity to any physical level from molecules and atoms to the level of macroscopic extensional world, which leads to a main foundational problem in quantum theory…
A $\lambda$-calculus is introduced in which all programs can be evaluated in probabilistic polynomial time and in which there is sufficient structure to represent sequential cryptographic constructions and adversaries for them, even when…
Consider elections where the set of candidates is partitioned into parties, and each party must nominate exactly one candidate. The Possible President problem asks whether some candidate of a given party can become the winner of the…
Probabilistic Circuits (PCs) are deep generative models that support exact and efficient probabilistic inference. Yet in autoregressive language modeling, PCs still lag behind Transformer-based large language models (LLMs), suggesting an…
The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) and its quantified extensions, whether without (QCSP) or with disjunction (QCSP_or), correspond naturally to the model checking problem for three increasingly stronger fragments of positive…
We present a procedure which allows us to recover classical and nonclassical logical structures as \emph{concrete logics} associated with physical theories expressed by means of classical languages. This procedure consists in choosing, for…
A presentation is provided of the basic notions and operations of a) the propositional calculus of a variant of fuzzy logic -- canonical fuzzy logic, CFL -- and in a more succinct and introductory way, of b) the theory of fuzzy sets…
Linear and semidefinite programming (LP, SDP), regularisation through basis pursuit (BP) and Lasso have seen great success in mathematics, statistics, data science, computer-assisted proofs and learning. The success of LP is traditionally…
Motivated by the problem of finding finite versions of classical incompleteness theorems, we present some conjectures that go beyond ${\bf NP\neq co NP}$. These conjectures formally connect computational complexity with the difficulty of…