Related papers: Disentangling Overlapping Astronomical Sources usi…
Scattering obscures information carried by wave by producing a speckle pattern, posing a common challenge across various fields, including microscopy and astronomy. Traditional methods for extracting information from speckles often rely on…
Using a semiclassical model of photodetection with Poissonian noise and insights from quantum metrology, we prove that linear optics and photon counting can optimally estimate the separation between two incoherent point sources without…
Spectral analysis using overlapping sliding windows is among the most widely used techniques in analyzing non-stationary time series. Although sliding window analysis is convenient to implement, the resulting estimates are sensitive to the…
We show that free-space diffraction of photons distributes highly useful entanglement: the receivers of the propagated modes can do a distributed quantum computation using only linear optics and photon counting. The distributed computation…
After a derivation of the quantum Bayes theorem, and a discussion of the reconstruction of the unknown state of identical spin systems by repeated measurements, the main part of this paper treats the problem of determining the unknown phase…
When employing non-linear methods to characterise complex systems, it is important to determine to what extent they are capturing genuine non-linear phenomena that could not be assessed by simpler spectral methods. Specifically, we are…
Sensor noise sources cause differences in the signal recorded across pixels in a single image and across multiple images. This paper presents a Bayesian approach to decomposing and characterizing the sensor noise sources involved in imaging…
Many estimation problems in astrophysics are highly complex, with high-dimensional, non-standard data objects (e.g., images, spectra, entire distributions, etc.) that are not amenable to formal statistical analysis. To utilize such data and…
Multi-view data provides complementary information on the same set of observations, with multi-omics and multimodal sensor data being common examples. Analyzing such data typically requires distinguishing between shared (joint) and unique…
Spectral methods have emerged as a simple yet surprisingly effective approach for extracting information from massive, noisy and incomplete data. In a nutshell, spectral methods refer to a collection of algorithms built upon the eigenvalues…
This review outlines concepts of mathematical statistics, elements of probability theory, hypothesis tests and point estimation for use in the analysis of modern astronomical data. Least squares, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches…
Astronomical imaging based on photon count data is a non-trivial task. In this context we show how to denoise, deconvolve, and decompose multi-domain photon observations. The primary objective is to incorporate accurate and well motivated…
Our ability to extract the maximal amount of information from future observations at gigahertz frequencies depends on our ability to separate the underlying cosmic microwave background (CMB) from galactic and extragalactic foregrounds. We…
This paper presents a multi-band image fusion algorithm based on unsupervised spectral unmixing for combining a high-spatial low-spectral resolution image and a low-spatial high-spectral resolution image. The widely used linear observation…
AIMS: Clinical radiographic imaging is seated upon the principle of differential keV photon transmission through an object. At clinical x-ray energies the scattering of photons causes signal noise and is utilized solely for transmission…
Longtime monitoring of gravitational lens systems is often done using telescopes and recording equipment with modest resolution. Still, it would be interesting to get as much information as possible from the measured lightcurves. From high…
We demonstrate multiphoton interference using a resource-efficient frequency multiplexing scheme, suitable for quantum information applications that demand multiple indistinguishable and pure single photons. In our source,…
We investigate interference of optical fields by examining the probability distribution of photon detection. The usual description of interference patterns in terms of superposition of classical mean fields with definite phases is…
Spectrograph is an optical device that is used to disperse photons of different energies $E$ into distinct directions and space locations, and to take a snapshot of the whole spectrum of photon energies with a spatially sensitive photon…
We describe a method to estimate the mass distribution of a gravitational lens and the position of the sources from combined strong and weak lensing data. The algorithm combines weak and strong lensing data in a unified way producing a…