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The inflationary $B$-mode signals encode invaluable information about the origin of our Universe and searching for potential signatures of primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) is one of the major science goals for future precision…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-09 Sen Li , Chang Feng , Filipe B. Abdalla

Gravitational lensing information from the two and higher point statistics of the CMB temperature and polarization fields are intrinsically correlated because they are lensed by the same realization of structure between last scattering and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-01 Pavel Motloch , Wayne Hu , Aurélien Benoit-Lévy

The cosmic dipole observed in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is traditionally interpreted as being caused by the observer's motion relative to the background. However, tensions with dipole measurements from radio galaxy counts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-20 Anson Chen , Jun Zhang

The observation of primordial gravitational waves could provide a new and unique window on the earliest moments in the history of the universe, and on possible new physics at energies many orders of magnitude beyond those accessible at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-08-16 Lawrence Krauss , Scott Dodelson , Stephan Meyer

Detection of quasi-monochromatic, long-duration (continuous) gravitational wave radiation emitted by, e.g., asymmetric rotating neutron stars in our Galaxy requires a long observation time to distinguish it from the detector's noise. If…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-29 Sudhagar Suyamprakasam , Sreekanth Harikumar , Paweł Ciecieląg , Przemysław Figura , Michał Bejger , Marek Biesiada

Weak gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is an important cosmological tool that allows us to learn about the structure, composition and evolution of the Universe. Upcoming CMB experiments, such as the Simons…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Mark Mirmelstein , Giulio Fabbian , Antony Lewis , Julien Peloton

Detection of relic gravitational waves, through their imprint in the cosmic microwave background radiation, is one of the most important tasks for the planned CMBPol mission. In the simplest viable theoretical models the gravitational wave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-10 Wen Zhao

Similar to light, gravitational waves (GWs) can be lensed. Such lensing phenomena can magnify the waves, create multiple images observable as repeated events, and superpose several waveforms together, inducing potentially discernible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-19 Kyungmin Kim , Joongoo Lee , Robin S. H. Yuen , Otto Akseli Hannuksela , Tjonnie G. F. Li

Third generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors are expected to detect millions of binary black hole (BBH) mergers during their operation period. A small fraction of them ($\sim 1\%$) will be strongly lensed by intervening galaxies and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-17 Souvik Jana , Shasvath J. Kapadia , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Parameswaran Ajith

Wave-mechanical effects in gravitational lensing have long been predicted, and with the discovery of populations of compact transients such as gravitational wave events and fast radio bursts, may soon be observed. We present an observer's…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-04 Calvin Leung , Dylan Jow , Prasenjit Saha , Liang Dai , Masamune Oguri , Léon V. E. Koopmans

We discuss the contribution of gravitational wave to the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) anisotropy and polarization. It is found that the large-scale polarization of CMBR is less than 1\% for a standard recombination universe.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Ka Lok Ng , Kin-Wang Ng

The discrepancy between the Hubble parameter inferred from local measurements and that from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) has motivated careful scrutiny of the assumptions that enter both analyses. Here we point out that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 Donghui Jeong , Marc Kamionkowski

We describe an alternative approach to the analysis of gravitational-wave backgrounds, based on the formalism used to characterise the polarisation of the cosmic microwave background. In contrast to standard analyses, this approach makes no…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Jonathan R. Gair , Joseph D. Romano , Stephen Taylor , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli

Gravitational lensing by compact, small-scale intervening masses causes frequency-dependent distortions to gravitational-wave events. The optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is often used as a proxy for the detectability of exotic signals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-14 Juno C. L. Chan , Eungwang Seo , Alvin K. Y. Li , Heather Fong , Jose M. Ezquiaga

We report the first detection of gravitational lensing due to galaxy clusters using only the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The lensing signal is obtained using a new estimator that extracts the lensing dipole…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 S. Raghunathan , S. Patil , E. Baxter , B. A. Benson , L. E. Bleem , T. M. Crawford , G. P. Holder , T. McClintock , C. L. Reichardt , T. N. Varga , N. Whitehorn , P. A. R. Ade , S. Allam , A. J. Anderson , J. E. Austermann , S. Avila , J. S. Avva , D. Bacon , J. A. Beall , A. N. Bender , F. Bianchini , S. Bocquet , D. Brooks , D. L. Burke , J. E. Carlstrom , J. Carretero , F. J. Castander , C. L. Chang , H. C. Chiang , R. Citron , M. Costanzi , A. T. Crites , L. N. da Costa , S. Desai , H. T. Diehl , J. P. Dietrich , M. A. Dobbs , P. Doel , S. Everett , A. E. Evrard , C. Feng , B. Flaugher , P. Fosalba , J. Frieman , J. Gallicchio , J. García-Bellido , E. Gaztanaga , E. M. George , T. Giannantonio , A. Gilbert , R. A. Gruendl , J. Gschwend , N. Gupta , G. Gutierrez , T. de Haan , N. W. Halverson , N. Harrington , J. W. Henning , G. C. Hilton , D. L. Hollowood , W. L. Holzapfel , K. Honscheid , J. D. Hrubes , N. Huang , J. Hubmayr , K. D. Irwin , T. Jeltema , M. Carrasco Kind , L. Knox , N. Kuropatkin , O. Lahav , A. T. Lee , D. Li , M. Lima , A. Lowitz , M. A. G. Maia , J. L. Marshall , J. J. McMahon , P. Melchior , F. Menanteau , S. S. Meyer , R. Miquel , L. M. Mocanu , J. J. Mohr , J. Montgomery , C. Corbett Moran , A. Nadolski , T. Natoli , J. P. Nibarger , G. Noble , V. Novosad , R. L. C. Ogando , S. Padin , A. A. Plazas , C. Pryke , D. Rapetti , A. K. Romer , A. Roodman , A. Carnero Rosell , E. Rozo , J. E. Ruhl , E. S. Rykoff , B. R. Saliwanchik , E. Sanchez , J. T. Sayre , V. Scarpine , K. K. Schaffer , M. Schubnell , S. Serrano , I. Sevilla-Noarbe , C. Sievers , G. Smecher , M. Smith , M. Soares-Santos , A. A. Stark , K. T. Story , E. Suchyta , M. E. C. Swanson , G. Tarle , C. Tucker , K. Vanderlinde , T. Veach , J. De Vicente , J. D. Vieira , V. Vikram , G. Wang , W. L. K. Wu , V. Yefremenko , Y. Zhang

In this paper, we explore the feasibility of detecting gravitomagnetic effects generated by gravitational waves, by monitoring the relative orientation of the angular momentum vectors of test particles. We analyze the response of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-15 Yu-Qi Dong , Zhoujian Cao , Yu-Xiao Liu

Detecting primordial B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) provides a direct probe of inflationary gravitational waves. However, the signal is extremely faint and contaminated by gravitational lensing, instrumental…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-30 Anumanchi Agastya Sai Ram Likhit , Rajib Saha

We show that clusters of galaxies induce step-like wiggles on top of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The direction of the wiggle is parallel to the large scale gradient of CMB allowing one to isolate the effect from other small scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Uros Seljak , Matias Zaldarriaga

$ $Low density cosmic voids gravitationally lens the cosmic microwave background (CMB), leaving a negative imprint on the CMB convergence $\kappa$. This effect provides insight into the distribution of matter within voids, and can also be…

We present a simple gravitational lens model to illustrate the ease of using the embedded lensing theory when studying cosmic voids. It confirms the previously used repulsive lensing models for deep voids. We start by estimating magnitude…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-17 Bin Chen , Ronald Kantowski , Xinyu Dai