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Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular method used to reduce dimensionality in data sets whose elements are nonnegative. It does so by decomposing the data set of interest, $\mathbf{X}$, into two lower rank nonnegative matrices…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-05 Phillip Shreeves , Jeffrey L. Andrews , Xinchen Deng , Ramie Ali-Adeeb , Andrew Jirasek

NMR spectral datasets, especially in systems with limited samples, can be difficult to interpret if they contain multiple chemical components (phases, polymorphs, molecules, crystals, glasses, etc...) and the possibility of overlapping…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-11 Ryan J. McCarty , Nimish Ronghe , Mandy Woo , Todd M. Alam

In general, multi-channel source separation has utilized inter-microphone phase differences (IPDs) concatenated with magnitude information in time-frequency domain, or real and imaginary components stacked along the channel axis. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Ui-Hyeop Shin , Bon Hyeok Ku , Hyung-Min Park

Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is an unsupervised learning method offering low-rank representations across various domains such as audio processing, biomedical signal analysis, and image recognition. The incorporation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yasaman Torabi , Shahram Shirani , James P. Reilly

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has become a very popular technique in machine learning because it automatically extracts meaningful features through a sparse and part-based representation. However, NMF has the drawback of being…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-12-07 Nicolas Gillis

Coupled decompositions are a widely used tool for data fusion. As the volume of data increases, so does the dimensionality of matrices and tensors, highlighting the need for more efficient coupled decomposition algorithms. This paper…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Erna Begovic , Anita Carevic , Ivana Sain Glibic

Given a collection of data points, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) suggests to express them as convex combinations of a small set of `archetypes' with non-negative entries. This decomposition is unique only if the true archetypes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-09 Hamid Javadi , Andrea Montanari

With the recent success of representation learning methods, which includes deep learning as a special case, there has been considerable interest in developing representation learning techniques that can incorporate known physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Harsha Vardhan Tetali , Joel B. Harley , Benjamin D. Haeffele

Emulating the human ability to solve the cocktail party problem, i.e., focus on a source of interest in a complex acoustic scene, is a long standing goal of audio source separation research. Much of this research investigates separating…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-15 Darius Petermann , Gordon Wichern , Aswin Shanmugam Subramanian , Zhong-Qiu Wang , Jonathan Le Roux

Permutation invariant training (PIT) is a widely used training criterion for neural network-based source separation, used for both utterance-level separation with utterance-level PIT (uPIT) and separation of long recordings with the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-02 Thilo von Neumann , Christoph Boeddeker , Keisuke Kinoshita , Marc Delcroix , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

Source-tract decomposition (or glottal flow estimation) is one of the basic problems of speech processing. For this, several techniques have been proposed in the literature. However studies comparing different approaches are almost…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Thomas Drugman , Baris Bozkurt , Thierry Dutoit

The mid-infrared (MIR) spectra observed with the \textit{Spitzer} Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) provide a valuable dataset for untangling the physical processes and conditions within galaxies. This paper presents the first attempt to blindly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 P. D. Hurley , S. Oliver , D. Farrah , V. Lebouteiller , H. W. W. Spoon

Harmonic/percussive source separation (HPSS) consists in separating the pitched instruments from the percussive parts in a music mixture. In this paper, we propose to apply the recently introduced Masker-Denoiser with twin networks (MaD…

Generative source separation methods such as non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) or auto-encoders, rely on the assumption of an output probability density. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can learn data distributions without…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Cem Subakan , Paris Smaragdis

Speech separation with several speakers is a challenging task because of the non-stationarity of the speech and the strong signal similarity between interferent sources. Current state-of-the-art solutions can separate well the different…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Nicolas Furnon , Romain Serizel , Irina Illina , Slim Essid

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) methods offer an appealing unsupervised learning method for real-time analysis of streaming spectral data in time-sensitive data collection, such as $\textit{in situ}$ characterization of materials.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Phillip M. Maffettone , Aidan C. Daly , Daniel Olds

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a linear dimensionality reduction technique for analyzing nonnegative data. A key aspect of NMF is the choice of the objective function that depends on the noise model (or statistics of the noise)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Nicolas Gillis , Le Thi Khanh Hien , Valentin Leplat , Vincent Y. F. Tan

Hyperspectral unmixing aims at decomposing a given signal into its spectral signatures and its associated fractional abundances. To improve the accuracy of this decomposition, algorithms have included different assumptions depending on the…

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has been a popular representation method for pattern classification problem. It tries to decompose a nonnegative matrix of data samples as the product of a nonnegative basic matrix and a nonnegative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-12-06 Jim Jing-Yan Wang

This paper addresses the problem of speech separation and enhancement from multichannel convolutive and noisy mixtures, \emph{assuming known mixing filters}. We propose to perform the speech separation and enhancement task in the short-time…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Xiaofei Li , Laurent Girin , Sharon Gannot , Radu Horaud