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We present the second Gaia data release, Gaia DR2, consisting of astrometry, photometry, radial velocities, and information on astrophysical parameters and variability, for sources brighter than magnitude 21. In addition epoch astrometry…

We describe two ground based observing campaigns aimed at building a grid of approximately 200 spectrophotometric standard stars (SPSS), with an internal ~1% precision and tied to Vega within ~3%, for the absolute flux calibration of data…

The Gaia early Data Release 3 has delivered exquisite astrometric data for 1.47 billion sources, which is revolutionizing many fields in astronomy. For a small fraction of these sources, the astrometric solutions are poor, and the reported…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Jan Rybizki , Gregory Green , Hans-Walter Rix , Kareem El-Badry , Markus Demleitner , Eleonora Zari , Andrzej Udalski , Richard L. Smart , Andrew Gould

The Gaia mission is transforming our view of the Milky Way by providing distances towards a billion stars, and much more. The third data release includes nearly a million spectra from its Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS). Identifying…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-04 Yarden Eilat Bloch , Dovi Poznanski , Nick L. J. Cox , Emmanuel Bernhard , Iain McDonald , Manuela Rauch , Albert Zijlstra

The Gaia mission is expected to yield the detection of several thousands of exoplanets, perhaps at least doubling the number of known exoplanets. Although the harvest is expected to occur when the astrometric time series will be published…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Flavien Kiefer , Anne-Marie Lagrange , Pascal Rubini , Florian Philipot

The ESA space astrometry mission Gaia, planned to be launched in 2013, has been designed to make angular measurements on a global scale with micro-arcsecond accuracy. A key component of the data processing for Gaia is the astrometric core…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-20 Alex Bombrun , Lennart Lindegren , David Hobbs , Berry Holl , Uwe Lammers , Ulrich Bastian

Machine learning can play a powerful role in inferring missing line-of-sight velocities from astrometry in surveys such as Gaia. In this paper, we apply a neural network to Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) and obtain line-of-sight…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-01 Adriana Dropulic , Hongwan Liu , Bryan Ostdiek , Mariangela Lisanti

The ESA Gaia satellite scans the whole sky with a temporal sampling ranging from seconds and hours to months. Each time a source passes within the Gaia field of view, it moves over 10 CCDs in 45 s and a lightcurve with 4.5 s sampling (the…

ESA and NASA are studying projects having a tremendous return on variable star research. Other national space agencies are also studying or developing projects of smaller costs but with impressive returns. The projects range from global…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Laurent Eyer

Access to microarcsecond astrometry is now routine in the radio, infrared, and optical domains. In particular the publication of the second data release from the Gaia mission made it possible for every astronomer to work with easily…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-17 Anthony G. A. Brown

The body of photometric and astrometric data on stars in the Galaxy has been growing very fast in recent years (Hipparcos/Tycho, OGLE-3, 2-Mass, DENIS, UCAC2, SDSS, RAVE, Pan Starrs, Hermes, ...) and in two years ESA will launch the Gaia…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-11-16 James Binney

Context. Gaia Early Data Release 3 (Gaia EDR3) provides accurate astrometry for about 1.6 million compact (QSO-like) extragalactic sources, 1.2 million of which have the best-quality five-parameter astrometric solutions. Aims. The proper…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-28 Gaia Collaboration , S. A. Klioner , F. Mignard , L. Lindegren , U. Bastian , P. J. McMillan , J. Hernández , D. Hobbs , M. Ramos-Lerate , M. Biermann , A. Bombrun , A. de Torres , E. Gerlach , R. Geyer , T. Hilger , U. Lammers , H. Steidelmüller , C. A. Stephenson , A. G. A. Brown , A. Vallenari , T. Prusti , J. H. J. de Bruijne , C. Babusiaux , O. L. Creevey , D. W. Evans , L. Eyer , A. Hutton , F. Jansen , C. Jordi , X. Luri , C. Panem , D. Pourbaix , S. Randich , P. Sartoretti , C. Soubiran , N. A. Walton , F. Arenou , C. A. L. Bailer-Jones , M. Cropper , R. Drimmel , D. Katz , M. G. Lattanzi , F. van Leeuwen , J. Bakker , J. Castañeda , F. De Angeli , C. Ducourant , C. Fabricius , M. Fouesneau , Y. Frémat , R. Guerra , A. Guerrier , J. Guiraud , A. Jean-Antoine Piccolo , E. Masana , R. Messineo , N. Mowlavi , C. Nicolas , K. Nienartowicz , F. Pailler , P. Panuzzo , F. Riclet , W. Roux , G. M. Seabroke , R. Sordo , P. Tanga , F. Thévenin , G. Gracia-Abril , J. Portell , D. Teyssier , M. Altmann , R. Andrae , I. Bellas-Velidis , K. Benson , J. Berthier , R. Blomme , E. Brugaletta , P. W. Burgess , G. Busso , B. Carry , A. Cellino , N. Cheek , G. Clementini , Y. Damerdji , M. Davidson , L. Delchambre , A. Dell'Oro , J. Fernández-Hernández , L. Galluccio , P. García-Lario , M. Garcia-Reinaldos , J. González-Núñez , E. Gosset , R. Haigron , J. -L. Halbwachs , N. C. Hambly , D. L. Harrison , D. Hatzidimitriou , U. Heiter , D. Hestroffer , S. T. Hodgkin , B. Holl , K. Janßen , G. Jevardat de Fombelle , S. Jordan , A. Krone-Martins , A. C. Lanzafame , W. Löffler , A. Lorca , M. Manteiga , O. Marchal , P. M. Marrese , A. Moitinho , A. Mora , K. Muinonen , P. Osborne , E. Pancino , T. Pauwels , A. Recio-Blanco , P. J. Richards , M. Riello , L. Rimoldini , A. C. Robin , T. Roegiers , J. Rybizki , L. M. Sarro , C. Siopis , M. Smith , A. Sozzetti , A. Ulla , E. Utrilla , M. van Leeuwen , W. van Reeven , U. Abbas , A. Abreu Aramburu , S. Accart , C. Aerts , J. J. Aguado , M. Ajaj , G. Altavilla , M. A. Álvarez , J. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes , J. Alves , R. I. Anderson , E. Anglada Varela , T. Antoja , M. Audard , D. Baines , S. G. Baker , L. Balaguer-Nú\-nez , E. Balbinot , Z. Balog , C. Barache , D. Barbato , M. Barros , M. A. Barstow , S. Bartolomé , J. -L. Bassilana , N. Bauchet , A. Baudesson-Stella , U. Becciani , M. Bellazzini , M. Bernet , S. Bertone , L. Bianchi , S. Blanco-Cuaresma , T. Boch , D. Bossini , S. Bouquillon , L. Bramante , E. Breedt , A. Bressan , N. Brouillet , B. Bucciarelli , A. Burlacu , D. Busonero , A. G. Butkevich , R. Buzzi , E. Caffau , R. Cancelliere , H. Cánovas , T. Cantat-Gaudin , R. Carballo , T. Carlucci , M. I Carnerero , J. M. Carrasco , L. Casamiquela , M. Castellani , A. Castro-Ginard , P. Castro Sampol , L. Chaoul , P. Charlot , L. Chemin , A. Chiavassa , G. Comoretto , W. J. Cooper , T. Cornez , S. Cowell , F. Crifo , M. Crosta , C. Crowley , C. Dafonte , A. Dapergolas , M. David , P. David , P. de Laverny , F. De Luise , R. De March , J. De Ridder , R. de Souza , P. de Teodoro , E. F. del Peloso , E. del Pozo , A. Delgado , H. E. Delgado , J. -B. Delisle , P. Di Matteo , S. Diakite , C. Diener , E. Distefano , C. Dolding , D. Eappachen , H. Enke , P. Esquej , C. Fabre , M. Fabrizio , S. Faigler , G. Fedorets , P. Fernique , A. Fienga , F. Figueras , C. Fouron , F. Fragkoudi , E. Fraile , F. Franke , M. Gai , D. Garabato , A. Garcia-Gutierrez , M. García-Torres , A. Garofalo , P. Gavras , P. Giacobbe , G. Gilmore , S. Girona , G. Giuffrida , A. Gomez , I. Gonzalez-Santamaria , J. J. González-Vidal , M. Granvik , R. Gutiérrez-Sánchez , L. P. Guy , M. Hauser , M. Haywood , A. Helmi , S. L. Hidalgo , N. Hładczuk , G. Holland , H. E. Huckle , G. Jasniewicz , P. G. Jonker , J. Juaristi Campillo , F. Julbe , L. Karbevska , P. Kervella , S. Khanna , A. Kochoska , G. Kordopatis , A. J. Korn , Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska , K. Kruszyńska , S. Lambert , A. F. Lanza , Y. Lasne , J. -F. Le Campion , Y. Le Fustec , Y. Lebreton , T. Lebzelter , S. Leccia , N. Leclerc , I. Lecoeur-Taibi , S. Liao , E. Licata , H. E. P. Lindstrøm , T. A. Lister , E. Livanou , A. Lobel , P. Madrero Pardo , S. Managau , R. G. Mann , J. M. Marchant , M. Marconi , M. M. S. Marcos Santos , S. Marinoni , F. Marocco , D. J. Marshall , L. Martin Polo , J. M. Martín-Fleitas , A. Masip , D. Massari , A. Mastrobuono-Battisti , T. Mazeh , S. Messina , D. Michalik , N. R. Millar , A. Mints , D. Molina , R. Molinaro , L. Molnár , P. Montegriffo , R. Mor , R. Morbidelli , T. Morel , D. Morris , A. F. Mulone , D. Munoz , T. Muraveva , C. P. Murphy , I. Musella , L. Noval , C. Ordénovic , G. Orrù , J. Osinde , C. Pagani , I. Pagano , L. Palaversa , P. A. Palicio , A. Panahi , M. Pawlak , X. Pe\-nalosa Esteller , A. Penttilä , A. M. Piersimoni , F. -X. Pineau , E. Plachy , G. Plum , E. Poggio , E. Poretti , E. Poujoulet , A. Prša , L. Pulone , E. Racero , S. Ragaini , M. Rainer , C. M. Raiteri , N. Rambaux , P. Ramos , P. Re Fiorentin , S. Regibo , C. Reylé , V. Ripepi , A. Riva , G. Rixon , N. Robichon , C. Robin , M. Roelens , L. Rohrbasser , M. Romero-Gómez , N. Rowell , F. Royer , K. A. Rybicki , G. Sadowski , A. Sagristà Sellés , J. Sahlmann , J. Salgado , E. Salguero , N. Samaras , V. Sanchez Gimenez , N. Sanna , R. Santoveña , M. Sarasso , M. Schultheis , E. Sciacca , M. Segol , J. C. Segovia , D. Ségransan , D. Semeux , H. I. Siddiqui , A. Siebert , L. Siltala , E. Slezak , R. L. Smart , E. Solano , F. Solitro , D. Souami , J. Souchay , A. Spagna , F. Spoto , I. A. Steele , M. Süveges , L. Szabados , E. Szegedi-Elek , F. Taris , G. Tauran , M. B. Taylor , R. Teixeira , W. Thuillot , N. Tonello , F. Torra , J. Torray , C. Turon , N. Unger , M. Vaillant , E. van Dillen , O. Vanel , A. Vecchiato , Y. Viala , D. Vicente , S. Voutsinas , M. Weiler , T. Wevers , Ł. Wyrzykowski , A. Yoldas , P. Yvard , H. Zhao , J. Zorec , S. Zucker , C. Zurbach , T. Zwitter

The ESA Gaia mission will bring a new era to the domain of standard candles. Progresses in this domain will be achieved thanks to unprecedented astrometric precision, whole-sky coverage and the combination of photometric, spectrophotometric…

At about 1000 days after the launch of Gaia we present the first Gaia data release, Gaia DR1, consisting of astrometry and photometry for over 1 billion sources brighter than magnitude 20.7. We summarize Gaia DR1 and provide illustrations…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-15 Gaia Collaboration , A. G. A. Brown , A. Vallenari , T. Prusti , J. de Bruijne , F. Mignard , R. Drimmel , 585 co-authors

Large surveys are providing a diversity of spectroscopic observations with Gaia alone set to deliver millions of Ca-triplet-region spectra across the Galaxy. We aim to understand the dimensionality of the chemical abundance information in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-01 Rayna Rampalli , Melissa Ness , Shola Wylie

In the last 15 years different ground-based spectroscopic surveys have been started (and completed) with the general aim of delivering stellar parameters and elemental abundances for large samples of Galactic stars, complementing Gaia…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-10-26 S. Randich , G. Gilmore , L. Magrini , G. G. Sacco , R. J. Jackson , R. D. Jeffries , C. C. Worley , A. Hourihane , A. Gonneau , C. Viscasillas Vàzquez , E. Franciosini , J. R. Lewis , E. J. Alfaro , C. Allende Prieto , T. Bensby R. Blomme , A. Bragaglia , E. Flaccomio , P. François , M. J. Irwin , S. E. Koposov , A. J. Korn , A. C. Lanzafame , E. Pancino , A. Recio-Blanco , R. Smiljanic , S. Van Eck , T. Zwitter , M. Asplund , P. Bonifacio , S. Feltzing , J. Binney , J. Drew , A. M. N. Ferguson , G. Micela , I. Negueruela , T. Prusti , H. -W. Rix , A. Vallenari , A. Bayo , M. Bergemann , K. Biazzo , G. Carraro , A. R. Casey , F. Damiani , A. Frasca , U. Heiter , V. Hill , P. Jofré , P. de Laverny , K. Lind , G. Marconi , C. Martayan , T. Masseron , L. Monaco , L. Morbidelli , L. Prisinzano , L. Sbordone , S. G. Sousa , S. Zaggia , V. Adibekyan , R. Bonito , E. Caffau , S. Daflon , D. K. Feuillet , M. Gebran , J. I. González Hernández , G. Guiglion , A. Herrero , A. Lobel , J. Maíz Apellániz , T. Merle , S. Mikolaitis , D. Montes , T. Morel , C. Soubiran , L. Spina , H. M. Tabernero , G. Tautvaišienė , G. Traven , M. Valentini , M. Van der Swaelmen , S. Villanova , N. J. Wright , U. Abbas , V. Aguirre Børsen-Koch , J. Alves , L. Balaguer-Núnez , P. S. Barklem , D. Barrado , S. R. Berlanas , A. S. Binks , A. Bressan , R. Capuzzo--Dolcetta , L. Casagrande , L. Casamiquela , R. S. Collins , V. D'Orazi , M. L. L. Dantas , V. P. Debattista , E. Delgado-Mena , P. Di Marcantonio , A. Drazdauskas , N. W. Evans , B. Famaey , M. Franchini , Y. Frémat , E. D. Friel , X. Fu , D. Geisler , O. Gerhard , E. A. González Solares , E. K. Grebel , M. L. Gutiérrez Albarrán , D. Hatzidimitriou , E. V. Held , F. Jiménez-Esteban , H. Jönsson , C. Jordi , T. Khachaturyants , G. Kordopatis , J. Kos , N. Lagarde , L. Mahy , M. Mapelli , E. Marfil , S. L. Martell , S. Messina , A. Miglio , I. Minchev , A. Moitinho , J. Montalban , M. J. P. F. G. Monteiro , C. Morossi , N. Mowlavi , A. Mucciarelli , D. N. A. Murphy , N. Nardetto , S. Ortolani , F. Paletou , J. Palouus , E. Paunzen , J. C. Pickering , A. Quirrenbach , P. Re Fiorentin , J. I. Read , D. Romano , N. Ryde , N. Sanna , W. Santos , G. M. Seabroke , A. Spagna , M. Steinmetz , E. Stonkuté , E. Sutorius , F. Thévenin , M. Tosi , M. Tsantaki , J. S. Vink , N. Wright , R. F. G. Wyse , M. Zoccali , J. Zorec , D. B. Zucker , N. A. Walton

The Gaia mission, with its unprecedented astrometric and photometric precision, combined with its Radial Velocity Spectrometer, will provide to the astronomical community a wealth of necessary constraints to disentangle between the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2012-09-28 G. Kordopatis

(abridged) The third data release of Gaia, has provided stellar parameters, metallicity [M/H], [{\alpha}/Fe], individual abundances, broadening parameter from its RVS spectra for about 5.6 million objects thanks to the GSP-Spec module. The…

We describe the preliminary results of a ground-based observing campaign aimed at building a grid of approximately 200 spectro-photometric standard stars (SPSS), with an internal $\simeq 1$\% accuracy (and sub-percent precision), tied to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-23 Nicoletta Sanna , Elena Pancino , Giuseppe Altavilla , Silvia Marinoni , Monica Rainer

We present the first Gaia catalogue of eclipsing binary candidates released in Gaia DR3, describe its content, provide tips for its usage, estimate its quality, and show illustrative samples. The catalogue contains 2,184,477 sources with G…