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An outstanding problem in quantum computing is the calculation of entanglement, for which no closed-form algorithm exists. Here we solve that problem, and demonstrate the utility of a quantum neural computer, by showing, in simulation, that…
Quantum Annealing, or Quantum Stochastic Optimization, is a classical randomized algorithm which provides good heuristics for the solution of hard optimization problems. The algorithm, suggested by the behaviour of quantum systems, is an…
Quantum computers are known for their potential to achieve up-to-exponential speedup compared to classical computers for certain problems. To exploit the advantages of quantum computers, we propose quantum algorithms for linear stochastic…
We study quantum algorithms working on classical probability distributions. We formulate four different models for accessing a classical probability distribution on a quantum computer, which are derived from previous work on the topic, and…
A basic problem of approximation theory, the approximation of functions from the Sobolev space W_p^r([0,1]^d) in the norm of L_q([0,1]^d), is considered from the point of view of quantum computation. We determine the quantum query…
In a sampling problem, we are given an input x, and asked to sample approximately from a probability distribution D_x. In a search problem, we are given an input x, and asked to find a member of a nonempty set A_x with high probability. (An…
We show a nearly quadratic separation between deterministic communication complexity and the logarithm of the partition number, which is essentially optimal. This improves upon a recent power 1.5 separation of G\"o\"os, Pitassi, and Watson…
The theory of decoherent histories is an attempt to derive classical physics from positing only quantum laws at the fundamental level without notions of a classical apparatus or collapse of the wave-function. Searching for a marked target…
It is known that quantum computers yield a speed-up for certain discrete problems. Here we want to know whether quantum computers are useful for continuous problems. We study the computation of the integral of functions from the classical…
Given a function f as an oracle, the collision problem is to find two distinct inputs i and j such that f(i)=f(j), under the promise that such inputs exist. Since the security of many fundamental cryptographic primitives depends on the…
Probably the simplest and most frequently used way to illustrate the power of quantum computing is to solve the so-called {\it Deutsch's problem}. Consider a Boolean function $f: \{0,1\} \to \{0,1\}$ and suppose that we have a (classical)…
The scheduling problem consists of finding a common 1 in two remotely located N bit strings. Denote the number of 1s in the string with the fewer 1s by epsilon*N. Classically, it needs at least O(epsilon*N) bits of communication to find the…
Quantum contextuality is a limitation on deterministic hidden variable models, testable in measurement scenarios where outcomes differ under quantum or classical descriptions due to a common set of constraints. When considering measurements…
Early in 1992, Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm computed a symmetric partial Boolean function with a single quantum query, and thus achieved the best separation between classical deterministic and exact quantum query complexity. Until recent years,…
Quantum algorithms can be analyzed in a query model to compute Boolean functions where input is given in a black box, but the aim is to compute function value for arbitrary input using as few queries as possible. In this paper we…
We study the unsorted database search problem with items $N$ from the viewpoint of unitary discrimination. Instead of considering the famous $O(\sqrt{N})$ Grover's the bounded-error algorithm for the original problem, we seek for the…
We explore potential quantum speedups for the fundamental problem of testing the properties of closeness and $k$-wise uniformity of probability distributions. Closeness testing is the problem of distinguishing whether two $n$-dimensional…
This paper shows that, if we could examine the entire history of a hidden variable, then we could efficiently solve problems that are believed to be intractable even for quantum computers. In particular, under any hidden-variable theory…
Detection of signals buried in noise is the major challenge for sensing. Classically, the optimal detector is a matched filter, whose sensitivity meets the classical limit of correlation between the filter target and the measured signal…
Given two sets A and B and two oracles O(A) and O(B) that can identify the elements of these sets respectively, the goal is to find an element common to both sets using minimum number of oracle queries. Each application of either O(A) or…