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Screening mechanisms allow light scalar fields to dynamically avoid the constraints that come from our lack of observation of a long-range fifth force. Galactic scale tests are of particular interest when the light scalar is introduced to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-01 Clare Burrage , Bradley March , Aneesh P. Naik

Recently, the attention mechanism has been successfully applied in convolutional neural networks (CNNs), significantly boosting the performance of many computer vision tasks. Unfortunately, few medical image recognition approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Liu Li , Mai Xu , Xiaofei Wang , Lai Jiang , Hanruo Liu

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major public health priority throughout much of the world, affecting millions of people. In many regions, particularly those in resource-limited settings, SCD is not consistently diagnosed. In Africa, where…

Personalized cancer treatments based on the molecular profile of a patient's tumor are an emerging and exciting class of treatments in oncology. As genomic tumor profiling is becoming more common, targeted treatments to specific molecular…

Glaucoma is a severe blinding disease, for which automatic detection methods are urgently needed to alleviate the scarcity of ophthalmologists. Many works have proposed to employ deep learning methods that involve the segmentation of optic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-26 Yanni Wang , Gang Yang , Dayong Ding , Jianchun Zao

How cells move through the three-dimensional extracellular matrix (ECM) is of increasing interest in attempts to understand important biological processes such as cancer metastasis. Just as in motion on flat surfaces, it is expected that…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-09-15 Yunsong Zhang , Jingchen Feng , Shay I. Heizler , Herbert Levine

High-throughput screening, in which multiwell plates are used to test large numbers of compounds against specific targets, is widely used across many areas of the biological sciences and most prominently in drug discovery. We propose a…

This research work reveals the strengths of intertwining a deep custom convolutional neural network with a disruptive Vision Transformer, both fused together with a radical Cross-Attention module. Here, two high-yielding datasets for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Ramanathan Swaminathan

Using optical speckle scanning microscopy [1], we demonstrate that clear images of multiple cells can be obtained through biological scattering tissue, with subcellular resolution and good image quality, as long as the size of the imaging…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-19 Xin Yang , Ye Pu , Demetri Psaltis

Biophysical force spectroscopy tools - for example optical tweezers, magnetic tweezers, atomic force microscopy, - have been used to study elastic, mechanical, conformational and dynamic properties of single biological specimens from single…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-06-09 Zhaokun Zhou , Mark C. Leake

High throughput real-time instruments are needed to acquire large data sets for detection and classification of rare events. Enabled by the photonic time stretch digitizer, a new class of instruments with record throughputs have led to the…

Optics · Physics 2015-03-20 Bahram Jalali , Ata Mahjoubfar , Claire L. Chen

Here, we examine the latest advances in glaucoma detection through Deep Learning (DL) algorithms using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This study focuses on three aspects of DL-based glaucoma…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Mahtab Faraji , Homa Rashidisabet , George R. Nahass , RV Paul Chan , Thasarat S Vajaranant , Darvin Yi

In vascular targeted therapies, blood-borne carriers should realize sustained drug release from the luminal side towards the diseased tissue. In this context, such carriers are required to firmly adhere to the vessel walls for a sufficient…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-10-13 A. Coclite , G. Pascazio , M. D. de Tullio , P. Decuzzi

High-throughput screening using automated microscopes is a key driver in biopharma drug discovery, enabling the parallel evaluation of thousands of drug candidates for diseases such as cancer. Traditional image analysis and deep learning…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-20 Jacob Hanimann , Daniel Siegismund , Mario Wieser , Stephan Steigele

Articular cartilage is a musculoskeletal soft tissue renowned for its unique mechanical properties. Understanding both its hierarchical structure and the interplay between its constituents could shed light on the mechanical competence of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Simone Fantoni , Luca Brombal , Paolo Cardarelli , Fabio Baruffaldi

Phenomenological screening of small molecule libraries for anticancer activity yields potentially interesting candidate molecules, with a bottleneck in the determination of drug targets and the mechanism of anticancer action. A novel…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-11 Alexey Chernobrovkin , Consuelo Marin Vicente , Neus Visa , Roman A. Zubarev

A major cause of irreversible visual impairment is angle-closure glaucoma, which can be screened through imagery from Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT). Previous computational diagnostic techniques address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Huazhu Fu , Yanwu Xu , Stephen Lin , Damon Wing Kee Wong , Baskaran Mani , Meenakshi Mahesh , Tin Aung , Jiang Liu

Bacterial chemotactic sensing converts noisy chemical signals into running and tumbling. We analyze the static sensing limits of mixed Tar/Tsr chemoreceptor clusters in individual Escherichia coli cells using a heterogeneous…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-24 Ziyi Cui , Sarah Marzen

Glaucoma is one of the primary causes of vision loss around the world, necessitating accurate and efficient detection methods. Traditional manual detection approaches have limitations in terms of cost, time, and subjectivity. Recent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-03 Aized Amin Soofi , Fazal-e-Amin

Given the crucial role of microtubules for cell survival, many researchers have found success using microtubule-targeting agents in the search for effective cancer therapeutics. Understanding microtubule responses to targeted interventions…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-03 Hao-Chih Lee , Sarah T Cherng , Riccardo Miotto , Joel T Dudley