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Separation Logic is a widely used formalism for describing dynamically allocated linked data structures, such as lists, trees, etc. The decidability status of various fragments of the logic constitutes a long standing open problem. Current…
We define a class of Separation Logic formulae, whose entailment problem: given formulae $\phi, \psi_1, \ldots, \psi_n$, is every model of $\phi$ a model of some $\psi_i$? is 2EXPTIME-complete. The formulae in this class are existentially…
Regular languages are closed under a wealth of formal language operators. Incorporating such operators in regular expressions leads to concise language specifications, but the transformation of such enhanced regular expressions to finite…
We construct a formal theory, which we call reflectica, whose language possesses the following properties of natural language: it is a self-reflecting language and an intensional language. By a self-reflecting language we understand an…
Formalisms based on temporal logics interpreted over finite strict linear orders, known in the literature as finite traces, have been used for temporal specification in automated planning, process modelling, (runtime) verification and…
In this paper we explore a new hierarchy of classes of languages and infinite words and its connection with complexity classes. Namely, we say that a language belongs to the class $L_k$ if it is a subset of the catenation of $k$ languages…
C\^{a}mpeanu and Ho (2004) determined the maximum finite state complexity of finite languages, building on work of Champarnaud and Pin (1989). They stated that it is very difficult to determine the number of maximum-complexity languages.…
We consider dynamic versions of epistemic logic as formulated in Baltag and Moss "Logics for epistemic programs" (2004). That paper proposed a logical language (actually families of languages parameterized by action signatures) for dynamic…
This letter proposes two finite-time bearing-based control laws for acyclic leader-follower formations. The leaders in formation move with a bounded continuous reference velocity and each follower controls its position with regard to three…
This work presents a novel systematic methodology to analyse the capabilities and limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) with feedback from a formal inference engine, on logic theory induction. The analysis is complexity-graded w.r.t.…
Verification of properties of first order logic with two variables FO2 has been investigated in a number of contexts. Over arbitrary structures it is known to be decidable with NEXPTIME complexity, with finitely satisfiable formulas having…
The problem of determining whether a probabilistic program terminates almost surely (i.e.~with probability one) is undecidable, and actually $\Pi^0_2$-complete. For this reason, a growing literature has explored classes of programs for…
We establish decidability for the infinitely many axiomatic extensions of the commutative Full Lambek logic with weakening FLew (i.e. IMALLW) that have a cut-free hypersequent proof calculus (specifically: every analytic structural rule…
Deciding the amalgamation property for a given class of finite structures is an important subroutine in classifying countable finitely homogeneous structures. We study the computational complexity of the amalgamation decision problem for…
Fuzzy rule-based systems have been mostly used in interpretable decision-making because of their interpretable linguistic rules. However, interpretability requires both sensible linguistic partitions and small rule-base sizes, which are not…
Context free languages allow one to express data with hierarchical structure, at the cost of losing some of the useful properties of languages recognized by finite automata on words. However, it is possible to restore some of these…
It is widely recognized today that the management of imprecision and vagueness will yield more intelligent and realistic knowledge-based applications. Description Logics (DLs) are a family of knowledge representation languages that have…
Regular tree grammars and regular path expressions constitute core constructs widely used in programming languages and type systems. Nevertheless, there has been little research so far on frameworks for reasoning about path expressions…
Large language models have shown unprecedented abilities in generating linguistically coherent and syntactically correct natural language output. However, they often return incorrect and inconsistent answers to input questions. Due to the…
Nonterminal complexity of a context-free language is the smallest possible number of nonterminals in its generating grammar. While in general case nonterminal complexity computation problem is unsolvable, it can be computed for different…