Related papers: Theory of ball lightning
The reflection of intense laser radiation from solids appears as a result of relativistic dynamics of the electrons driven by both incoming and self-generated electromagnetic fields at the periphery of the emerging dense plasma. In the case…
Numerous sources produce the ionization impact on the planetary atmosphere. The tropospheric cloudiness therewith is originated at such altitudes, which coincide with places of the maximum of the atmospheric ionization that caused by space…
Observational aspects of solar flares relevant to the acceleration process of electrons and protons are reviewed and it is shown that most of these observations can be explained by the interaction with flare plasma of a power law energy…
A model of lightning that captures the propagation of lightning channels on an irregular lattice is developed. The irregular lattice allows us to capture large two-dimensional systems (2 km x 2 km), while allowing grid refinement (on the…
The model of a Local Hot Bubble has been widely accepted as providing a framework that can explain the ubiquitous presence of the soft X-ray background diffuse emission. We summarize the current knowledge on this local interstellar region,…
Electric currents circulating between charged clouds and the earth surface during lightning discharges are responsible for considerable damages and casualties. It is therefore important to develop better protection methods in addition to…
After impact onto a smooth dry surface, a drop of viscous liquid initially spreads in the form of a thick lamella. If the drop splashes, it first emits a thin fluid sheet that can ultimately break up into droplets causing the splash.…
The dependences between the parameters of the Lightning discharge in the leader phase and the return stroke phase are obtained. It is shown that the peak values of the electric field created by lightning are determined by the parameters of…
Due to its ubiquitous presence, turbulence is often invoked to explain the origin of nonthermal particles in astrophysical sources of high-energy emission. With particle-in-cell simulations, we study decaying turbulence in…
Radiation generated by the passage of a monoenergetic electron bunch above the surface wave excited in plane interface between homogeneous media with different dielectric constants is investigated. For the surface wave of general profile…
A meteoroid penetrating the Earth's atmosphere leaves behind a trail of dense plasma in the E-region ionosphere, a region where electrons are strongly magnetized while ions are demagnetized due to their frequent collisions with neutrals.…
The phenomenon of jet quenching, related to the momentum broadening of a high-energy parton, provides important experimental evidence for the production of a strongly coupled, deconfined medium in heavy-ion collisions. Its theoretical…
Fireballs are an essential part of any cosmological $\gamma$-ray burst. We drive here a stability criterion for fireballs and show that fireballs are Rayleigh-Taylor unstable in any region in which the entropy decreases outward. The…
In present models cloud based lightning forms as a consequence of the earth's gravitational and/or electromagnetic fields. Our simplified field-free model probes the random aggregation of a neutral ensemble consisting of a random…
Backward terahertz radiation can be produced by a high-intensity laser normally incident upon an underdense plasma. It is found that terahertz radiation is generated by electrons refluxing along the bubble shell. These shell electrons have…
Electromagnetic showers from high-energy electron beams interacting with a target are a promising path to creating pair plasmas in the laboratory. Here, we solve analytically the kinetic equations describing this process. Two regimes are…
A plasma instability theory is presented for the prompt radiation from gamma-ray bursts. In the theory, a highly relativistic shell interacts with the interstellar medium through the filamentation and the two-stream instabilities to convert…
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are mysterious radio transients whose physical origin is still unknown. Within a few astronomical units near an FRB source, the electric field of the electromagnetic wave is so large that the electron oscillation…
Thunderstorms produce strong electric fields over regions on the order of kilometer. The corresponding electric potential differences are on the order of 100 MV. Secondary cosmic rays reaching these regions may be significantly accelerated…
When a drop impacts at very low velocity onto a pool surface it is cushioned by a thin layer of air, which can be stretched into a hemispheric shape. We use ultra-high-speed video imaging to show how this thin air-layer ruptures. The number…