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This paper describes the systematic application of local topological methods for detecting interfaces and related anomalies in complicated high-dimensional data. By examining the topology of small regions around each point, one can…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-05-25 Bernadette J Stolz , Jared Tanner , Heather A Harrington , Vidit Nanda

Determining the number of clusters is a central challenge in unsupervised learning, where ground-truth labels are unavailable. The Silhouette coefficient is a widely used internal validation metric for this task, yet its standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Aggelos Semoglou , Aristidis Likas , John Pavlopoulos

To ensure reliability and service availability, next-generation networks are expected to rely on automated anomaly detection systems powered by advanced machine learning methods with the capability of handling multi-dimensional data. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Mahsa Raeiszadeh , Amin Ebrahimzadeh , Roch H. Glitho , Johan Eker , Raquel A. F. Mini

High demands for industrial networks lead to increasingly large sensor networks. However, the complexity of networks and demands for accurate data require better stability and communication quality. Conventional clustering methods for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-10 Shufan Huang , Yongpeng Wu , Siyuan Gao

Spectral clustering is one of the most popular clustering methods for finding clusters in a graph, which has found many applications in data mining. However, the input graph in those applications may have many missing edges due to error in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Pan Peng , Yuichi Yoshida

This note introduces a novel clustering preserving transformation of cluster sets obtained from $k$-means algorithm. This transformation may be used to generate new labeled data{}sets from existent ones. It is more flexible that Kleinberg…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Mieczysław A. Kłopotek

A finite element-based image segmentation strategy enhanced by an anisotropic mesh adaptation procedure is presented. The methodology relies on a split Bregman algorithm for the minimisation of a region-based energy functional and on an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-14 Matteo Giacomini , Simona Perotto

Multidimensional scaling is an important dimension reduction tool in statistics and machine learning. Yet few theoretical results characterizing its statistical performance exist, not to mention any in high dimensions. By considering a…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-30 Xiucai Ding , Qiang Sun

Organization, scalability and routing have been identified as key problems hindering viability and commercial success of mobile ad hoc networks. Clustering of mobile nodes among separate domains has been proposed as an efficient approach to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-09-20 Damianos Gavalas , Grammati Pantziou , Charalampos Konstantopoulos , Basilis Mamalis

This paper addresses the challenges of storage and communication costs for large-scale datasets in resource-constrained edge devices by proposing a novel dataset quantization approach to reduce intra-sample redundancy. Unlike traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Chenyue Yu , Jianyu Yu

Spectral clustering refers to a family of unsupervised learning algorithms that compute a spectral embedding of the original data based on the eigenvectors of a similarity graph. This non-linear transformation of the data is both the key of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Nicolas Tremblay , Andreas Loukas

The problem of adaptive noisy clustering is investigated. Given a set of noisy observations $Z_i=X_i+\epsilon_i$, $i=1,...,n$, the goal is to design clusters associated with the law of $X_i$'s, with unknown density $f$ with respect to the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-11 Michael Chichignoud , Sébastien Loustau

We propose an instance-wise adaptive sampling framework for constructing compact and informative training datasets for supervised learning of inverse problem solutions. Typical learning-based approaches aim to learn a general-purpose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Jiequn Han , Kui Ren , Nathan Soedjak

Fine-tuning is widely applied in image classification tasks as a transfer learning approach. It re-uses the knowledge from a source task to learn and obtain a high performance in target tasks. Fine-tuning is able to alleviate the challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Xuyang Shen , Jo Plested , Sabrina Caldwell , Yiran Zhong , Tom Gedeon

Anomaly detection in medical imaging is essential for identifying rare pathological conditions, particularly when annotated abnormal samples are limited. We propose a hybrid anomaly detection framework that integrates self-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Pritam Kar , Gouri Lakshmi S , Saptarshi Bej

In this paper, we propose MADCluster, a novel model-agnostic anomaly detection framework utilizing self-supervised clustering. MADCluster is applicable to various deep learning architectures and addresses the 'hypersphere collapse' problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Sangyong Lee , Subo Hwang , Dohoon Kim

Supervised machine learning explainability has developed rapidly in recent years. However, clustering explainability has lagged behind. Here, we demonstrate the first adaptation of model-agnostic explainability methods to explain…

In this paper we develop a data-driven smoothing technique for high-dimensional and non-linear panel data models. We allow for individual specific (non-linear) functions and estimation with econometric or machine learning methods by using…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-06 Xi Chen , Ye Luo , Martin Spindler

Clustering stands as one of the most prominent challenges in unsupervised machine learning. Among centroid-based methods, the classic $k$-means algorithm, based on Lloyd's heuristic, is widely used. Nonetheless, it is a well-known fact that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-30 Supratik Basu , Jyotishka Ray Choudhury , Debolina Paul , Swagatam Das

Variable kernel density estimation allows the approximation of a probability density by the mean of differently stretched and rotated kernels centered at given sampling points $y_n\in\mathbb{R}^d,\ n=1,\dots,N$. Up to now, the choice of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-07 Ilja Klebanov