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One of the main virtues of trees is to represent formal solutions of various functional equations which can be cast in the form of fixed point problems. Basic examples include differential equations and functional (Lagrange) inversion in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-12 Florent Hivert , Jean-Christophe Novelli , Jean-Yves Thibon

This article serves a two-fold purpose. On the one hand, it is a survey about the classification of finite-dimensional pointed Hopf algebras with abelian coradical, whose final step is the computation of the liftings or deformations of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-08-01 Iván Angiono , Agustín García Iglesias

We consider the combinatorial Dyson-Schwinger equation X=B^+(P(X)) in the non-commutative Connes-KreimerHopf algebra of planar rooted trees H, where B^+ is the operator of grafting on a root, and P a formal series. The unique solution X of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-11-28 Loïc Foissy

We introduce two operads which own the set of planar forests as a basis. With its usual product and two other products defined by different types of graftings, the algebra of planar rooted trees H becomes an algebra over these operads. The…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2009-01-16 Loïc Foissy

A general lattice theoretic construction of Reading constructs Hopf subalgebras of the Malvenuto-Reutenauer Hopf algebra (MR) of permutations. The products and coproducts of these Hopf subalgebras are defined extrinsically in terms of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-16 Shirley Law

We define in this paper several Hopf algebras describing the combinatorics of the so-called multi-scale renormalization in quantum field theory. After a brief recall of the main mathematical features of multi-scale renormalization, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-15 Thomas Krajewski , Vincent Rivasseau , Adrian Tanasa

Quantum Clifford Algebras (QCA), i.e. Clifford Hopf gebras based on bilinear forms of arbitrary symmetry, are treated in a broad sense. Five alternative constructions of QCAs are exhibited. Grade free Hopf gebraic product formulas are…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Bertfried Fauser

The Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra of rooted trees, its dual, and the Foissy Hopf algebra of of planar rooted trees are related to each other and to the well-known Hopf algebras of symmetric and quasi-symmetric functions via a pair of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2009-11-09 Michael E. Hoffman

Recent work on perturbative quantum field theory has led to much study of the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra. Its (graded) dual, the Grossman-Larson Hopf algebra of rooted trees, had already been studied by algebraists. L. Foissy introduced a…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2009-11-09 Michael E. Hoffman

We say that a Hopf algebra H is semicocommutative if the right adjoint coaction factorizes through the tensor product of H with the center of H. For instance the commutative and the cocommutative Hopf algebras are semicocommutative. The…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jorge A. Guccione , Juan J. Guccione

We get new Hopf algebras (HA): 1. A wealth of quotient HA's of the Malvenuto-Reutenauer HA (the Loday-Ronco HA being a special case). They consist of the permutations avoiding an {\it arbitrary} set of permutations without global descents,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Gunnar Fløystad

Hopf braces have been introduced as a Hopf-theoretic generalization of skew braces. Under the assumption of cocommutativity, these algebraic structures are equivalent to matched pairs of actions on Hopf algebras, that can be used to produce…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Marino Gran , Andrea Sciandra

To a semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebra over an algebraically closed field, we associate a planar algebra defined by generators and relations and show that it is a connected, irreducible, spherical, non-degenerate planar algebra with…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vijay Kodiyalam , V. S. Sunder

We define and study a combinatorial Hopf algebra dRec with basis elements indexed by diagonal rectangulations of a square. This Hopf algebra provides an intrinsic combinatorial realization of the Hopf algebra tBax of twisted Baxter…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Shirley Law , Nathan Reading

We give an introductory survey to the use of Hopf algebras in several problems of noncommutative geometry. The main example, the Hopf algebra of rooted trees, is a graded, connected Hopf algebra arising from a universal construction. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Joseph C. Varilly

In this paper, we first endow the space of decorated planar rooted forests with a coproduct that equips it with the structure of a bialgebra and further a Moerdijk Hopf algebra. We also present a combinatorial description of this coproduct,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Loic Foissy , Xiao-Song Peng , Yunzhou Xie , Yi Zhang

This paper introduces a Hopf algebra structure on a family of reduced pipe dreams. We show that this Hopf algebra is free and cofree, and construct a surjection onto a commutative Hopf algebra of permutations. The pipe dream Hopf algebra…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-14 Nantel Bergeron , Cesar Ceballos , Vincent Pilaud

We introduce bidendriform bialgebras, which are bialgebras such that both product and coproduct can be split into two parts satisfying good compatibilities. For example, the Malvenuto-Reutenauer Hopf algebra and the non-commutative…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Loïc Foissy

Let $H$ be a pointed Hopf algebra with abelian coradical. Let $A\supseteq B$ be left (or right) coideal subalgebras of $H$ that contain the coradical of $H$. We show that $A$ has a PBW basis over $B$, provided that $H$ satisfies certain…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-02-27 G. -S. Zhou

The arithmetic of the natural numbers can be extended to arithmetic operations on planar binary trees. This gives rise to a non-commutative arithmetic theory. In this exposition, we describe this arithmetree, first defined by Loday, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-09-26 Adriano Bruno , Dan Yasaki