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The two-sample problem, which consists in testing whether independent samples on $\mathbb{R}^d$ are drawn from the same (unknown) distribution, finds applications in many areas. Its study in high-dimension is the subject of much attention,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-09 Stephan Clémençon , Myrto Limnios , Nicolas Vayatis

The problem of assessing a parametric regression model in the presence of spatial correlation is addressed in this work. For that purpose, a goodness-of-fit test based on a $L_2$-distance comparing a parametric and a nonparametric…

In this work, we empirically explore the question: how can we assess the quality of samples from some target distribution? We assume that the samples are provided by some valid Monte Carlo procedure, so we are guaranteed that the collection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-21 Arjumand Masood , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

Temperature data, like many other measurements in quantitative fields, are usually modeled using a normal distribution. However, some distributions can offer a better fit while avoiding underestimation of tail event probabilities. To this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Alain Desgagné , Pierre Lafaye de Micheaux , Frédéric Ouimet

Goodness-of-Fit tests, including Smooth ones, are introduced and applied to detect non-Gaussianity in Cosmic Microwave Background simulations. We study the power of three different tests: the Shapiro-Francia test (1972), the uncategorised…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. Cayon , F. Argueso , E. Martinez-Gonzalez , J. L. Sanz

We propose a general and relatively simple method for the construction of goodness-of-fit tests on the sphere and the hypersphere. The method is based on the characterization of probability distributions via their characteristic function,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-25 Bruno Ebner , Norbert Henze , Simos Meintanis

We extend the Kolmogorov--Smirnov (K-S) test to multiple dimensions by suggesting a $\mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow [0,1]$ mapping based on the probability content of the highest probability density region of the reference distribution under…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Diana Harrison , David Sutton , Pedro Carvalho , Michael Hobson

Testing and characterizing the difference between two data samples is of fundamental interest in statistics. Existing methods such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramer-von-Mises tests do not scale well as the dimensionality increases and…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-03-23 Li Ma , Wing H. Wong

Testing the homogeneity of two distributions is fundamental in statistics, but classical procedures may fail under nonignorable nonresponse. In many surveys, callback data record repeated contact attempts and provide auxiliary information…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Xinyu Wang , Tao Yu , Chunlin Wang , Pengfei Li

We propose novel kernel-based tests for assessing the equivalence between distributions. Traditional goodness-of-fit testing is inappropriate for concluding the absence of distributional differences, because failure to reject the null…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-17 Xing Liu , Axel Gandy

Hypothesis testing in high dimensional data is a notoriously difficult problem without direct access to competing models' likelihood functions. This paper argues that statistical divergences can be used to quantify the difference between…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-08-02 Jeremy J. H. Wilkinson , Christopher G. Lester

The paper discusses a test for the hypothesis that a random sample comes from the Cauchy distribution. The test statistics is derived from a characterization and is based on the characteristic function. Properties of the test are discussed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-21 Emanuele Taufer

Network (graph) data analysis is a popular research topic in statistics and machine learning. In application, one is frequently confronted with graph two-sample hypothesis testing where the goal is to test the difference between two graph…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-01 Mingao Yuan , Qian Wen

Rejecting the null hypothesis in two-sample testing is a fundamental tool for scientific discovery. Yet, aside from concluding that two samples do not come from the same probability distribution, it is often of interest to characterize how…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-08 Boris Landa , Rihao Qu , Joseph Chang , Yuval Kluger

The two key issues of modern Bayesian statistics are: (i) establishing principled approach for distilling statistical prior that is consistent with the given data from an initial believable scientific prior; and (ii) development of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-18 Subhadeep , Mukhopadhyay , Douglas Fletcher

We propose a new nonparametric test for the supposition of independence between two continuous random variables. The test is based on the size of the longest increasing subsequence of a random permutation. We identified the independence…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-13 Jesus E. Garcia , Veronica A. Gonzalez-Lopez

We consider the problem of testing hypotheses on the copula density from $n$ bi-dimensional observations. We wish to test the null hypothesis characterized by a parametric class against a composite nonparametric alternative. Each density…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-03-02 Ghislaine Gayraud , Karine Tribouley

Bayesian nonparametric statistics is an area of considerable research interest. While recently there has been an extensive concentration in developing Bayesian nonparametric procedures for model checking, the use of the Dirichlet process,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-15 Luai Al-Labadi , Viskakh Patel , Kasra Vakiloroayaei , Clement Wan

We propose a novel kernel-based nonparametric two-sample test, employing the combined use of kernel mean and kernel covariance embedding. Our test builds on recent results showing how such combined embeddings map distinct probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-16 Leonardo V. Santoro , Victor M. Panaretos

Two new goodness of fit tests for the Pareto type-I distribution for complete and right censored data are proposed using fixed point characterization based on Steins type identity. The asymptotic distributions of the test statistics under…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-30 Avhad Ganesh Vishnu , Ananya Lahiri , Sudheesh K. Kattumannil
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