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Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) frequently exhibit complex prompt emission structures with multiple temporally distinct episodes, such as a main emission (ME) phase followed by a weak extended emission (EE) tail. Whether these subcomponents…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-27 Liang Li , Xiao Wang , Zhi-Li Cui , Cheng-Long Xiao , Wen Li , Yu Wang , Zi-Gao Dai , Rong-Gen Cai

We carry out a search for signatures of cosmological time dilation in the light curves of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), detected by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. For this purpose, we calculate two different durations ($T_{50}$ and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-07 Amitesh Singh , Shantanu Desai

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been thought to originate from internal shocks that occur about 10^{15} cm from a central site. The shells responsible for these shocks merge together and undergo an external shock at about 10^{17} cm, producing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. E. Fenimore , E. Ramirez-Ruiz

We study the high-energy properties of GRB 181123B, a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB) at redshift $z\approx$1.75. We show that, despite its nominal short duration with $T_{90}<$2 s, this burst displays evidence of a temporally extended…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-05 S. Dichiara , E. Troja , P. Beniamini , B. O'Connor , M. Moss , A. Y. Lien , R. Ricci , L. Amati , G. Ryan , T. Sakamoto

Two tests for cosmological time dilation in $\gamma$-ray bursts -- the peak alignment and auto-correlation statistics -- involve averaging information near the times of peak intensity. Both tests require width corrections, assuming…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 J. P. Norris , R. J. Nemiroff , J. T. Bonnell , J. D. Scargle

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are bursts of $\gamma$-rays generated from relativistic jets launched from catastrophic events such as massive star core collapse or binary compact star coalescence. Previous studies suggested that GRB emission is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-29 Bin-Bin Zhang , Bing Zhang , Alberto J. Castro-Tirado

The detection of TeV gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) brought new opportunities for studying the physics of particle acceleration at relativistic shocks. The \hess telescopes recently observed very-high-energy (VHE) emission from a nearby…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-09 B. Theodore Zhang , Kohta Murase , Péter Veres , Péter Mészáros

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are widely believed to be from massive collapsars and/or compact binary mergers, which accordingly, would generate long and short GRBs, respectively. The details on this classification scheme have been in constant…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-02 Shuai Zhang , Lang Shao , Bin-Bin Zhang , Jin-Hang Zou , Hai-Yuan Sun , Yu-Jie Yao , Lin-Lin Li

In the external shock model, gamma-ray burst (GRB) emissions are produced by the energization and deceleration of a thin relativistic blast wave due to its interactions with the circumburst medium (CBM). We study the physical properties of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Charles D. Dermer , Markus Boettcher , J. Chiang

X-ray afterglow light curves have been collected for over 400 Swift gamma-ray bursts with nearly half of them having X-ray flares superimposed on the regular afterglow decay. Evidence suggests that gamma-ray prompt emission and X-ray flares…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 Amanda Maxham , Bing Zhang

We present the first systematic investigation of the morphological and timing properties of flares in GRBs observed by Swift/XRT. We consider a large sample drawn from all GRBs detected by Swift, INTEGRAL and HETE-2 prior to 2006 Jan 31,…

The variability in multi-pulse gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may help to reveal the mechanism of underlying processes from the central engine. To investigate whether the self-organized criticality (SOC) phenomena exist in the prompt phase of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-15 Fen Lyu , Ya-Ping Li , Shu-Jin Hou , Jun-Jie Wei , Jin-Jun Geng , Xue-Feng Wu

A possible unified model of short and long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), X-ray rich GRBs, and X-ray flashes is proposed. It is assumed that the jet of a GRB consists of many emitting sub-shells (i.e., an inhomogeneous jet model). The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ryo Yamazaki , Kunihito Ioka , Takashi Nakamura , Kenji Toma

I review aspects of the theory of long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) central engines. I focus on the requirements of any model; these include the angular momentum of the progenitor, the power, Lorentz factor, asymmetry, and duration of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Todd A. Thompson

An intrinsic correlation has been identified between the luminosity and duration of plateaus in the X-ray afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs; Dainotti et al. 2008), suggesting a central engine origin. The magnetar central engine model…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 A. Rowlinson , B. P. Gompertz , M. Dainotti , P. T. O'Brien , R. A. M. J. Wijers , A. J. van der Horst

We study timing properties of a large sample of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) detected by the Anti-Coincidence Shield (ACS) of the SPI spectrometer of INTEGRAL telescope. We identify GRB-like events in the SPI-ACS data. The data set under…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 V. Savchenko , A. Neronov. T. J. -L. Courvoisier

The detection of flares with the Swift satellite triggered a lot of bservational and theoretical interest in these phenomena. As a consequence a large analysis effort started within the community to characterize the phenomenon and at the…

We present the distribution of the intrinsic duration of gamma-ray bursts' prompt emission. This expands upon the analysis of Bromberg et al., 2012 and Bromberg et al. 2013 who showed evidence for collapsar progenitors based on the presence…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-19 Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning , Omer Bromberg , Tsvi Piran

We have averaged bright BATSE bursts to uncover the average overall temporal and spectral evolution of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We align the temporal structure of each burst by setting its duration to a standard duration, which we call…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. E. Fenimore

We perform a statistical analysis of the temporal and spectral properties of the latest Fermi gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to revisit the classification of GRBs. We find that the bimodalities of duration and the energy ratio…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-04-20 Fu-Wen Zhang , Lang Shao , Jing-Zhi Yan , Da-Ming Wei