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Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT) effect is the foundation for stellar intensity interferometry. However, it is a phase insensitive two-photon interference effect. In this paper, we extend the HBT interferometer by mixing two phase-coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Xuan Tang , Yunxiao Zhang , Xueshi Guo , Liang Cui , Xiaoying Li , Z. Y. Ou

In the 1950's Hanbury Brown and Twiss showed that one could measure the angular sizes of astronomical radio sources and stars from correlations of signal intensities, rather than amplitudes, in independent detectors. Their subsequent…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-09-25 Gordon Baym

The original intensity interferometers were instruments built in the 1950s and 60s by Hanbury Brown and collaborators, achieving milli-arcsec resolutions in visible light without optical-quality mirrors. They exploited a then-novel physical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-11-05 Vinay Malvimat , Olaf Wucknitz , Prasenjit Saha

The Hanbury Brown Twiss (HBT) interferometer was proposed to observe intensity correlations of starlight to measure a star's angular diameter. As the intensity of light that reaches the detector from a star is very weak, one cannot usually…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-11 Xiaoping Ma , Chenglong You , Sushovit Adhikari , Jonathan P. Dowling , Hwang Lee

Intensity interferometry (II) offers a powerful means to observe stellar objects with a high resolution. In this work, we demonstrate that II can also probe internal stellar kinematics by revealing a time-asymmetric Hanbury Brown and Twiss…

Stellar intensity interferometry consists in measuring the correlation of the light intensity fluctuations at two telescopes observing the same star. The amplitude of the correlation is directly related to the luminosity distribution of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-27 William Guerin , Mathilde Hugbart , Sarah Tolila , Nolan Matthews , Olivier Lai , Jean-Pierre Rivet , G. Labeyrie , Robin Kaiser

The Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) effect holds a pivotal place in intensity interferometry and gave a seminal contribution to the development of quantum optics. To observe such an effect, both good spectral and timing resolutions are necessary.…

Improved quantum sensing of photons from astronomical objects could provide high resolution observations in the optical benefiting numerous fields, including general relativity, dark matter studies, and cosmology. It has been recently…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-03 Paul Stankus , Andrei Nomerotski , Anže Slosar , Stephen Vintskevich

The Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) effect, discovered in the 1950s and further developed in the 1960s, was originally used to estimate stellar angular diameters through intensity correlations measured by spatially separated detectors. Further…

The Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect (HBT) is described by numerical and analytical modeling, as well as experimentally, using sound waves and easily available instrumentation. An interesting phenomenon that has often been considered too…

Physics Education · Physics 2022-01-12 Arnt Inge Vistnes , Joakim Bergli

We propose a new approach, based on the Hanbury Brown and Twiss intensity interferometry, to transform a Cherenkov telescope to its equivalent optical telescope. We show that, based on the use of photonics components borrowed from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-26 Pierre-Marie Gori , Farrokh Vakili , Jean-Pierre Rivet , William Guerin , Mathilde Hugbart , Andrea Chiavassa , Adrien Vakili , Robin Kaiser , Guillaume Labeyrie

Intensity interferometry (Hanbury Brown - Twiss effect) is an interesting and useful concept that is usually presented as a manifestation of the quantum statistics of indistinguishable particles. Here, by exploiting possibilities for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-10 Jordan Cotler , Frank Wilczek

The correlation of light from two sources leads to an interference pattern if they belong to a specific time interval known as the coherence time, denoted as $\Delta \tau$. The relationship governing this phenomenon is $\Delta \tau \Delta…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-20 Km Nitu Rai , Soumen Basak , Subrata Sarangi , Prasenjit Saha

I discuss two-particle intensity interferometry as a method to extract from measured 1- and 2-particle momentum spectra information on the space-time geometry and dynamics of the particle emitting source. Particular attention is given to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Ulrich Heinz

Typically, optical microscopy uses the wavelike properties of light to image a scene. However, photon arrival times provide more information about emitter properties than the classical intensity alone. Here, we show that the Hanbury Brown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Josef G. Worboys , Daniel W. Drumm , Andrew D. Greentree

Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) interferometry is a milestone experiment that transformed our understanding of the nature of light. The concept was demonstrated in 1956 to measure the radii of stars through photon coincidence detection. This…

An extension may be proposed to the intensity interferometer of Hanbury Brown and Twiss to provide the Fourier phase measurement by the use of third-order intensity correlations. It is well known that interferometric reconstruction of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-06-14 B. E. Zhilyaev

In traditional Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) schemes, the thermal intensity-intensity correlations are phase insensitive. Here we propose a modified HBT scheme with phase conjugation to demonstrate the phase-sensitive and nonfactorizable…

Optics · Physics 2015-10-21 Li-Gang Wang , M. Al-Amri , M. Suhail Zubairy

We present measurements of the second order spatial coherence function of thermal light sources using Hanbury-Brown and Twiss interferometry with a digital correlator. We demonstrate that intensity fluctuations between orthogonal…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-21 Nolan Matthews , David Kieda , Stephan LeBohec

We report the first intensity correlation measured with star light since Hanbury Brown and Twiss' historical experiments. The photon bunching $g^{(2)}(\tau, r=0)$, obtained in the photon counting regime, was measured for 3 bright stars,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-14 W. Guerin , A. Dussaux , M. Fouché , G. Labeyrie , J. -P. Rivet , D. Vernet , F. Vakili , R. Kaiser
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