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We propose Grid-like Code Quantization (GCQ), a brain-inspired method for compressing observation-action sequences into discrete representations using grid-like patterns in attractor dynamics. Unlike conventional vector quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xiangyuan Peng , Xingsi Dong , Si Wu

In this work, we explore the quantization of diffusion models in extreme compression regimes to reduce model size while maintaining performance. We begin by investigating classical vector quantization but find that diffusion models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Jie Shao , Hanxiao Zhang , Jianxin Wu

Contemporary deep learning, characterized by the training of cumbersome neural networks on massive datasets, confronts substantial computational hurdles. To alleviate heavy data storage burdens on limited hardware resources, numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Muquan Li , Dongyang Zhang , Qiang Dong , Xiurui Xie , Ke Qin

For unsupervised data-dependent hashing, the two most important requirements are to preserve similarity in the low-dimensional feature space and to minimize the binary quantization loss. A well-established hashing approach is Iterative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Tuan Hoang , Thanh-Toan Do , Huu Le , Dang-Khoa Le-Tan , Ngai-Man Cheung

Existing vector quantization (VQ) methods struggle with scalability, largely attributed to the instability of the codebook that undergoes partial updates during training. The codebook is prone to collapse as utilization decreases, due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Fengyuan Shi , Zhuoyan Luo , Yixiao Ge , Yujiu Yang , Ying Shan , Limin Wang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a practical approach to compress large neural networks, making them highly efficient for deployment. However, effectively reducing these models to their low-bit counterparts without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Aozhong Zhang , Zi Yang , Naigang Wang , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin , Xin Li , Penghang Yin

Visual tokenizers are fundamental to image generation. They convert visual data into discrete tokens, enabling transformer-based models to excel at image generation. Despite their success, VQ-based tokenizers like VQGAN face significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Zechen Bai , Jianxiong Gao , Ziteng Gao , Pichao Wang , Zheng Zhang , Tong He , Mike Zheng Shou

Vector Quantization (VQ) is a method for discretizing latent representations and has become a major part of the deep learning toolkit. It has been theoretically and empirically shown that discretization of representations leads to improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Dianbo Liu , Alex Lamb , Xu Ji , Pascal Notsawo , Mike Mozer , Yoshua Bengio , Kenji Kawaguchi

This paper presents a novel network compression framework Kernel Quantization (KQ), targeting to efficiently convert any pre-trained full-precision convolutional neural network (CNN) model into a low-precision version without significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Zhongzhi Yu , Yemin Shi , Tiejun Huang , Yizhou Yu

Vector quantization (VQ) techniques are widely used in similarity search for data compression, fast metric computation and etc. Originally designed for Euclidean distance, existing VQ techniques (e.g., PQ, AQ) explicitly or implicitly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Xinyan Dai , Xiao Yan , Kelvin K. W. Ng , Jie Liu , James Cheng

Recently, Information Retrieval community has witnessed fast-paced advances in Dense Retrieval (DR), which performs first-stage retrieval with embedding-based search. Despite the impressive ranking performance, previous studies usually…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Jingtao Zhan , Jiaxin Mao , Yiqun Liu , Jiafeng Guo , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma

Continuous representation of words is a standard component in deep learning-based NLP models. However, representing a large vocabulary requires significant memory, which can cause problems, particularly on resource-constrained platforms.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Siyu Liao , Jie Chen , Yanzhi Wang , Qinru Qiu , Bo Yuan

In this paper, we introduce a new approach, called Posthoc Interpretation via Quantization (PIQ), for interpreting decisions made by trained classifiers. Our method utilizes vector quantization to transform the representations of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Francesco Paissan , Cem Subakan , Mirco Ravanelli

High-dimensional Nearest Neighbor (NN) search is central in multimedia search systems. Product Quantization (PQ) is a widespread NN search technique which has a high performance and good scalability. PQ compresses high-dimensional vectors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Fabien André , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Nicolas Le Scouarnec

In theory, vector quantization (VQ) is always better than scalar quantization (SQ) in terms of rate-distortion (R-D) performance. Recent state-of-the-art methods for neural image compression are mainly based on nonlinear transform coding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Runsen Feng , Zongyu Guo , Weiping Li , Zhibo Chen

The dimensionality of the embedding and the number of available embeddings ( also called codebook size) are critical factors influencing the performance of Vector Quantization(VQ), a discretization process used in many models such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Hang Chen , Sankepally Sainath Reddy , Ziwei Chen , Dianbo Liu

Quantization is a widely used compression method that effectively reduces redundancies in over-parameterized neural networks. However, existing quantization techniques for deep neural networks often lack a comprehensive error analysis due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Jinjie Zhang , Rayan Saab

Vector quantization(VQ) is a lossy data compression technique from signal processing for which simple competitive learning is one standard method to quantize patterns from the input space. Extending competitive learning VQ to the domain of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-01-07 Brijnesh J. Jain , Klaus Obermayer

In this paper, we propose a product quantization table (PQTable); a fast search method for product-quantized codes via hash-tables. An identifier of each database vector is associated with the slot of a hash table by using its PQ-code as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Yusuke Matsui , Toshihiko Yamasaki , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Quantized Indexing is a fast and space-efficient form of enumerative (combinatorial) coding, the strongest among asymptotically optimal universal entropy coding algorithms. The present advance in enumerative coding is similar to that made…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Ratko V. Tomic