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A popular approach within the signal processing and machine learning communities consists in modelling signals as sparse linear combinations of atoms selected from a learned dictionary. While this paradigm has led to numerous empirical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-10-03 Rodolphe Jenatton , Rémi Gribonval , Francis Bach

Inferring the causal structure of a set of random variables from a finite sample of the joint distribution is an important problem in science. Recently, methods using additive noise models have been suggested to approach the case of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-07-24 Jonas Peters , Dominik Janzing , Bernhard Schölkopf

Causal discovery and causal reasoning are classically treated as separate and consecutive tasks: one first infers the causal graph, and then uses it to estimate causal effects of interventions. However, such a two-stage approach is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Christian Toth , Lars Lorch , Christian Knoll , Andreas Krause , Franz Pernkopf , Robert Peharz , Julius von Kügelgen

Most constraint-based causal learning algorithms provably return the correct causal graph under certain correctness conditions, such as faithfulness. By representing any constraint-based causal learning algorithm using the notion of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Kai Z. Teh , Kayvan Sadeghi , Terry Soo

We describe a slightly sub-exponential time algorithm for learning parity functions in the presence of random classification noise. This results in a polynomial-time algorithm for the case of parity functions that depend on only the first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Avrim Blum , Adam Kalai , Hal Wasserman

Causal discovery witnessed significant progress over the past decades. In particular, many recent causal discovery methods make use of independent, non-Gaussian noise to achieve identifiability of the causal models. Existence of hidden…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-06 Chenwei Ding , Mingming Gong , Kun Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Discovering the underlying dynamics of complex systems from data is an important practical topic. Constrained optimization algorithms are widely utilized and lead to many successes. Yet, such purely data-driven methods may bring about…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-05-17 Nan Chen , Yinling Zhang

The PC algorithm learns maximally oriented causal Bayesian networks. However, there is no equivalent complete algorithm for learning the structure of relational models, a more expressive generalization of Bayesian networks. Recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Marc Maier , Katerina Marazopoulou , David Arbour , David Jensen

The growing environmental footprint of artificial intelligence (AI), especially in terms of storage and computation, calls for more frugal and interpretable models. Sparse models (e.g., linear, neural networks) offer a promising solution by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-23 Sylvain Sardy , Maxime van Cutsem , Xiaoyu Ma

The basic problem in the PAC model of computational learning theory is to determine which hypothesis classes are efficiently learnable. There is presently a dearth of results showing hardness of learning problems. Moreover, the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-03-11 Amit Daniely , Nati Linial , Shai Shalev-Shwartz

The use of simulated data in the field of causal discovery is ubiquitous due to the scarcity of annotated real data. Recently, Reisach et al., 2021 highlighted the emergence of patterns in simulated linear data, which displays increasing…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-24 Francesco Montagna , Nicoletta Noceti , Lorenzo Rosasco , Francesco Locatello

Causal inference has recently gained notable attention across various fields like biology, healthcare, and environmental science, especially within explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) systems, for uncovering the causal relationships…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Xiaofeng Xiao , Khawlah Alharbi , Pengyu Zhang , Hantang Qin , Xubo Yue

AI explainability improves the transparency of models, making them more trustworthy. Such goals are motivated by the emergence of deep learning models, which are obscure by nature; even in the domain of images, where deep learning has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Anna Arias-Duart , Ferran Parés , Dario Garcia-Gasulla , Victor Gimenez-Abalos

This paper presents a novel version of the hypergraph neural network method. This method is utilized to solve the noisy label learning problem. First, we apply the PCA dimensional reduction technique to the feature matrices of the image…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-07 Nguyen Trinh Vu Dang , Loc Tran , Linh Tran

In this paper we consider the use of tiered background knowledge within constraint based causal discovery. Our focus is on settings relaxing causal sufficiency, i.e. allowing for latent variables which may arise because relevant information…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-22 Christine W. Bang , Vanessa Didelez

Latent variable conditional models, including the latent conditional random fields as a special case, are popular models for many natural language processing and vision processing tasks. The computational complexity of the exact…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-06-19 Xu Sun

Causal modeling has long been an attractive topic for many researchers and in recent decades there has seen a surge in theoretical development and discovery algorithms. Generally discovery algorithms can be divided into two approaches:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-06 Ridho Rahmadi , Perry Groot , Marianne Heins , Hans Knoop , Tom Heskes

Constraint-based methods and noise-based methods are two distinct families of methods proposed for uncovering causal graphs from observational data. However, both operate under strong assumptions that may be challenging to validate or could…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Daria Bystrova , Charles K. Assaad , Julyan Arbel , Emilie Devijver , Eric Gaussier , Wilfried Thuiller

We develop estimation for potentially high-dimensional additive structural equation models. A key component of our approach is to decouple order search among the variables from feature or edge selection in a directed acyclic graph encoding…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-02 Peter Bühlmann , Jonas Peters , Jan Ernest

Finite-rate-of-innovation (FRI) signals are ubiquitous in applications such as radar, ultrasound, and time of flight imaging. Due to their finite degrees of freedom, FRI signals can be sampled at sub-Nyquist rates using appropriate sampling…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-02 Satish Mulleti , Haiyang Zhang , Yonina C. Eldar