Related papers: O, Na, Ba and Eu abundance patterns in open cluste…
Recent JWST observations have revealed a growing population of galaxies at $z>4$ with elevated nitrogen-to-oxygen ratios. These "N/O-enhanced" galaxies (NOEGs) exhibit near- to super-solar N/O at sub-solar O/H, clearly deviating from the…
It is generally accepted today that Galactic globular clusters (GGCs) consist of at least two generations of stars that are different in their chemical composition and perhaps age. However, knowledge about the kinematical properties of…
Abundance patterns of the elements C, N, and O are sensitive probes of stellar nucleosynthesis processes and, in addition, O abundances are an important input for stellar age determinations. Understanding the nature of the observed…
Open clusters and associations are groups of young stars, respectively bound and unbound, that share the same origin and disperse over time into the galactic field. As such, their formation and evolution are the key to understand the origin…
The long term goal of large-scale chemical tagging is to use stellar elemental abundances as a tracer of dispersed substructures of the Galactic disk. The identification of such lost stellar aggregates and the exploration of their chemical…
We present a photometric survey aimed to characterize the Be star population of young open clusters. It is found that in these clusters early-type Be stars are more frequent than in the galactic field, and late-type Be stars are scarce or…
It is widely accepted that individual Galactic globular clusters harbor two coeval generations of stars, the first one born with the `standard' $\alpha$-enhanced metal mixture observed in field Halo objects, the second one characterized by…
Context. Open clusters are ideal test particles to study the chemical evolution of the Galactic disc. However the existing high-resolution abundance determinations, not only of [Fe/H], but also of other key elements, is largely insufficient…
Context. Open clusters provide valuable information on stellar nucleosynthesis and the chemical evolution of the Galactic disc, as their age and distances can be measured more precisely with photometry than for field stars. Aims. Our aim is…
Ancient ($>$10 Gyr) globular clusters (GCs) show chemical abundance variations in the form of patterns among certain elements, e.g. N correlates with Na and anti-correlates with O. Recently, N abundance spreads have also been observed in…
High-mass stars are major players in the chemical and dynamical evolution of galaxies. Open clusters and associations represent the natural laboratories to study their evolution. In this review, I will present a personal selection of…
Globular Clusters (GCs) exhibit star-to-star variations in specific elements (e.g., He, C, N, O, Na, Al) that bare the hallmark of high temperature H burning. These abundance variations can be observed spectroscopically and also…
Recently an increasing number of studies were devoted to measure the abundances of neutron-capture elements heavier than iron in stars belonging to Galactic Open Clusters (OCs). OCs span a sizeable range in metallicity -0.6<[Fe/H]<+0.4),…
The effects of the orbital diffusion of stars and clusters on the galactic abundance gradient have been modelled. For a single generation of field stars, the results confirm previous analyses based upon the assumption of a linear gradient…
Several works have found an increase of the abundances of the s-process neutron-capture elements in the youngest Galactic stellar populations, giving important constraints to stellar and Galactic evolution. We aim to trace the abundance…
We searched for trails to understand the different Na abundances measured in first and second generation stars of ancient Milky Way globular clusters. For that purpose, we gathered from the recent literature the aforementioned Na…
Open cluster members are coeval and share the same initial bulk chemical compositions. Consequently, differences in surface abundances between members of a cluster that are at different evolutionary stages can be used to study the effects…
Old open clusters are useful tools to study the Galactic disk properties, both present and past. Populous samples with properties determined both accurately and homogenously are necessary to draw reliable conclusions. We present here our…
Blue straggler stars present as secure members in the Galactic open clusters form a major challenge to the conventional picture of evolutionary population synthesis based on the stellar evolution theory of single stars, as illustrated in…
Their ubiquity and extreme densities make star clusters probes of prime importance of galaxy evolution. Old globular clusters keep imprints of the physical conditions of their assembly in the early Universe, and younger stellar objects,…