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We study the growth of a directed transportation network, such as a food web, in which links carry resources. We propose a growth process in which new nodes (or species) preferentially attach to existing nodes with high indegree (in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-03-17 Volkan Sevim , Per Arne Rikvold

We investigate the joint distribution of the vertex degrees in three models of random bipartite graphs. Namely, we can choose each edge with a specified probability, choose a specified number of edges, or specify the vertex degrees in one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-22 Brendan D. McKay , Fiona Skerman

We study the mean length $\ell(k)$ of the shortest paths between a vertex of degree $k$ and other vertices in growing networks, where correlations are essential. In a number of deterministic scale-free networks we observe a power-law…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes , J. G. Oliveira

Federated learning (FL) inevitably confronts the challenge of system heterogeneity in practical scenarios. To enhance the capabilities of most model-homogeneous FL methods in handling system heterogeneity, we propose a training scheme that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yun-Hin Chan , Rui Zhou , Running Zhao , Zhihan Jiang , Edith C. -H. Ngai

We investigate the long-time properties of a dynamic, out-of-equilibrium network of individuals holding one of two opinions in a population consisting of two communities of different sizes. Here, while the agents' opinions are fixed, they…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-02-01 Xiang Li , Mauro Mobilia , Alastair M. Rucklidge , R. K. P. Zia

Several real-world systems can be represented as multi-layer complex networks, i.e. in terms of a superposition of various graphs, each related to a different mode of connection between nodes. Hence, the definition of proper mathematical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-31 Valerio Gemmetto , Diego Garlaschelli

We propose a novel class of separable multilayer network models to capture cross-layer dependencies in multilayer networks, enabling the analysis of how interactions in one or more layers may influence interactions in other layers. Our…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Jiaheng Li , Jonathan R. Stewart

A model for growing information networks is introduced where nodes receive new links through j-redirection, i.e. the probability for a node to receive a link depends on the number of paths of length j arriving at this node. In detail, when…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-08-31 R. Lambiotte , M. Ausloos

We propose a generalization of the concept of assortativity based on the tensorial representation of multilayer networks, covering the definitions given in terms of Pearson and Spearman coefficients. Our approach can also be applied to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-17 Guilherme Ferraz de Arruda , Emanuele Cozzo , Yamir Moreno , Francisco A. Rodrigues

We develop the theory of sparse multiplex networks with partially overlapping links based on their local tree-likeness. This theory enables us to find the giant mutually connected component in a two-layer multiplex network with arbitrary…

Many complex systems are characterized by broad distributions capturing, for example, the size of firms, the population of cities or the degree distribution of complex networks. Typically this feature is explained by means of a preferential…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-02-29 Przemyslaw A. Grabowicz , Victor M. Eguiluz

Real networks often form interacting parts of larger and more complex systems. Examples can be found in different domains, ranging from the Internet to structural and functional brain networks. Here, we show that these multiplex systems are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-09-11 Kaj-Kolja Kleineberg , Marian Boguna , M. Angeles Serrano , Fragkiskos Papadopoulos

The presence of hierarchy in many real-world networks is not yet fully explained. Complex interaction networks are often coarse-grain models of vast modular networks, where tightly connected subgraphs are agglomerated into nodes for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-02-24 C. Tyler Diggans , Jeremie Fish , Erik Bollt

A version of ``preferential attachment'' random graphs, corresponding to linear ``weights'' with random ``edge additions,'' which generalizes some previously considered models, is studied. This graph model is embedded in a continuous-time…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 K. B. Athreya , A. P. Ghosh , S. Sethuraman

Many important real-world networks manifest "small-world" properties such as scale-free degree distributions, small diameters, and clustering. The most common model of growth for these networks is "preferential attachment", where nodes…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-13 Samarth Swarup , Les Gasser

Inter-layer synchronization is a distinctive process of multiplex networks whereby each node in a given layer undergoes a synchronous evolution with all its replicas in other layers, irrespective of whether or not it is synchronized with…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2021-05-31 R. Sevilla-Escoboza , I. Sendiña-Nadal , I. Leyva , R. Gutiérrez , J. M. Buldú , S. Boccaletti

We investigate the nucleation of Ising model on complex networks and focus on the role played by the heterogeneity of degree distribution on nucleation rate. Using Monte Carlo simulation combined with forward flux sampling, we find that for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-15 Hanshuang Chen , Shuxian Li , Gang He , Feng Huang , Chuansheng Shen , Zhonghuai Hou

We prove almost sure convergence of the maximum degree in an evolving tree model combining local choice and preferential attachment. At each step in the growth of the graph, a new vertex is introduced. A fixed, finite number of possible…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-03-19 Yury Malyshkin , Elliot Paquette

Spatially embedded networks are important in several disciplines. The prototypical spatial net- work we assume is the Random Geometric Graph of which many properties are known. Here we present new results for the two-point degree…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-03-21 Alberto Antonioni , Marco Tomassini

We study stochastic processes that generate non-growing complex networks without self-loops and multiple edges (simple graphs). The work concentrates on understanding and formulation of constraints which keep the rewiring stochastic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-07-10 Tomas Hruz , Michal Natora , Madhuresh Agrawal