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We prove almost sure convergence of the maximum degree in an evolving graph model combining a growing number of local choices with sublinear preferential attachment. At each step in the growth of the graph, a new vertex is introduced. Then…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-19 Yury Malyshkin

We analyze growing networks that are built by enhanced redirection. Nodes are sequentially added and each incoming node attaches to a randomly chosen 'target' node with probability 1-r, or to the parent of the target node with probability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-07-25 Alan Gabel , P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner

We present the mathematical analysis of generalized complex contagions in clustered multiplex networks for susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR)-like dynamics. The model is intended to understand diffusion of influence, or any other…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-02-01 Yong Zhuang , Alex Arenas , Osman Yağan

This paper provides time-dependent expressions for the expected degree distribution of a given network that is subject to growth, as a function of time. We consider both uniform attachment, where incoming nodes form links to existing nodes…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-12-16 Babak Fotouhi , Michael G. Rabbat

We study the growth of a directed network, in which the growth is constrained by the cost of adding links to the existing nodes. We propose a new preferential-attachment scheme, in which a new node attaches to an existing node i with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Volkan Sevim , Per Arne Rikvold

The linear preferential attachment hypothesis has been shown to be quite successful to explain the existence of networks with power-law degree distributions. It is then quite important to determine if this mechanism is the consequence of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Alexei Vazquez

We present a general class of geometric network growth mechanisms by homogeneous attachment in which the links created at a given time $t$ are distributed homogeneously between a new node and the exising nodes selected uniformly. This is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-03-28 Charles Murphy , Antoine Allard , Edward Laurence , Guillaume St-Onge , Louis J. Dubé

We study the robustness properties of multiplex networks consisting of multiple layers of distinct types of links, focusing on the role of correlations between degrees of a node in different layers. We use generating function formalism to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-05-02 Byungjoon Min , Su Do Yi , Kyu-Min Lee , K. -I. Goh

We investigate a network model based on an infinite regular square lattice embedded in the Euclidean plane where the node connection probability is given by the geometrical distance of nodes. We show that the degree distribution in the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-06-23 Matus Medo , Jan Smrek

Ever since the Barab\'{a}si-Albert (BA) scale-free network has been proposed, network modeling has been studied intensively in light of the network growth and the preferential attachment (PA). However, numerous real systems are featured…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yuhan Li , Minyu Feng , Jürgen Kurths

Preferential attachment is often suggested to be the underlying mechanism of the growth of a network, largely due to that many real networks are, to a certain extent, scale-free. However, such attribution is usually made under debatable…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-16 Clement Lee

A network growth mechanism based on a two-step preferential rule is investigated as a model of network growth in which no global knowledge of the network is required. In the first filtering step a subset of fixed size $m$ of existing nodes…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Hrvoje Stefancic , Vinko Zlatic

A new class of patterns for multiplex networks is studied, which consists in a collection of different homogeneous states each referred to a distinct layer. The associated stability diagram exhibits a tricritical point, as a function of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-01-26 Daniel M. Busiello , Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli

Gradient-based learning in multi-layer neural networks displays a number of striking features. In particular, the decrease rate of empirical risk is non-monotone even after averaging over large batches. Long plateaus in which one observes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Raphaël Berthier , Andrea Montanari , Kangjie Zhou

Many networks exhibit scale free behavior where their degree distribution obeys a power law for large vertex degrees. Models constructed to explain this phenomena have relied on preferential attachment where the networks grow by the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-02-08 Vijay K Samalam

Growing networks have a causal structure. We show that the causality strongly influences the scaling and geometrical properties of the network. In particular the average distance between nodes is smaller for causal networks than for…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-11 P. Bialas , Z. Burda , B. Waclaw

Many natural, engineered, and social systems can be represented using the framework of a layered network, where each layer captures a different type of interaction between the same set of nodes. The study of such multiplex networks is a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-05-12 Haochen Wu , Ryan G. James , James P. Crutchfield , Raissa M. D'Souza

The analysis in this paper helps to explain the formation of growing networks with degree distributions that follow extended exponential or power-law tails. We present a generic model in which edge dynamics are driven by a continuous…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-12 Jan Medina-López , Jorge Finke

Disease and information spread over social and information networks. Understanding the spread phenomena in networks requires paying attention not only to the degree distribution but also to the degree correlation. However, it is considered…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-22 Satoru Morita

We provide a local probabilistic description of the limiting statistics of large preferential attachment trees in terms of the ordinary degree (number of neighbors) but augmented with information on leafdegree (number of neighbors that are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-03 Harrison Hartle , P. L. Krapivsky