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The {\sc Directed Maximum Leaf Out-Branching} problem is to find an out-branching (i.e. a rooted oriented spanning tree) in a given digraph with the maximum number of leaves. In this paper, we improve known parameterized algorithms and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-07-10 Noga Alon , Fedor V. Fomin , Gregory Gutin , Michael Krivelevich , Saket Saurabh

We propose an algorithm and a new method to tackle the classification problems. We propose a multi-output neural tree (MONT) algorithm, which is an evolutionary learning algorithm trained by the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Varun Ojha , Giuseppe Nicosia

Linear arrangements of graphs are a well-known type of graph labeling and are found in many important computational problems, such as the Minimum Linear Arrangement Problem ($\texttt{minLA}$). A linear arrangement is usually defined as a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Lluís Alemany-Puig , Juan Luis Esteban , Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho

Finding the most parsimonious tree inside a phylogenetic network with respect to a given character is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem that for many network topologies is essentially inapproximable. In contrast, if the network…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-14 Martin Frohn , Steven Kelk

A consensus tree is a phylogenetic tree that captures the similarity between a set of conflicting phylogenetic trees. The problem of computing a consensus tree is a major step in phylogenetic tree reconstruction. It also finds applications…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Paweł Gawrychowski , Gad M. Landau , Wing-Kin Sung , Oren Weimann

A multilabeled tree (or MUL-tree) is a rooted tree in which every leaf is labelled by an element from some set, but in which more than one leaf may be labelled by the same element of that set. In phylogenetics, such trees are used in…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-03-16 Manuel Lafond , Nadia El-Mabrouk , Katharina T. Huber , Vincent Moulton

In conservation biology, phylogenetic diversity (PD) provides a way to quantify the impact of the current rapid extinction of species on the evolutionary `Tree of Life'. This approach recognises that extinction not only removes species but…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-13 Kerry Manson , Charles Semple , Mike Steel

In the Multi-Level Aggregation Problem (MLAP), requests arrive at the nodes of an edge-weighted tree T, and have to be served eventually. A service is defined as a subtree X of T that contains its root. This subtree X serves all requests…

Bayesian inference is now a leading technique for reconstructing phylogenetic trees from aligned sequence data. In this short note, we formally show that the maximum posterior tree topology provides a statistically consistent estimate of a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-07-12 Mike Steel

We present a bounded-error quantum algorithm for evaluating Min-Max trees. For a tree of size N our algorithm makes N^{1/2+o(1)} comparison queries, which is close to the optimal complexity for this problem.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-29 Richard Cleve , Dmytro Gavinsky , David L. Yonge-Mallo

We improve the lower bound on the extremal version of the Maximum Agreement Subtree problem. Namely we prove that two binary trees on the same $n$ leaves have subtrees with the same $\geq c\log\log n$ leaves which are homeomorphic, such…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-03-20 Laszlo Szekely , Mike Steel

In this paper we propose and study a new complexity model for approximation algorithms. The main motivation are practical problems over large data sets that need to be solved many times for different scenarios, e.g., many multicast trees…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-06-18 Marek Cygan , Lukasz Kowalik , Marcin Mucha , Marcin Pilipczuk , Piotr Sankowski

Polytrees are a subclass of Bayesian networks that seek to capture the conditional dependencies between a set of $n$ variables as a directed forest and are motivated by their more efficient inference and improved interpretability. Since the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Juha Harviainen , Frank Sommer , Manuel Sorge

In this paper, we lay the groundwork on the comparison of phylogenetic networks based on edge contractions and expansions as edit operations, as originally proposed by Robinson and Foulds to compare trees. We prove that these operations…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Bertrand Marchand , Nadia Tahiri , Olivier Tremblay-Savard , Manuel Lafond

We study the problem of finding a temporal hybridization network for a set of phylogenetic trees that minimizes the number of reticulations. First, we introduce an FPT algorithm for this problem on an arbitrary set of $m$ binary trees with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Sander Borst , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones , Steven Kelk

Phylogenetic Diversity(PD)is a well-regarded measure of the overall biodiversity of a set of present-day species(taxa)that indicates its ecological significance.In the Maximize Phylogenetic Diversity(Max-PD)problem one is asked to find a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jannik Schestag

Decision trees, without appropriate constraints, can easily become overly complex and prone to overfit, capturing noise rather than generalizable patterns. To resolve this problem,pruning operation is a crucial part in optimizing decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Hasibul Karim Shanto , Umme Ayman Koana , Shadikur Rahman

Determining the interaction partners among protein/domain families poses hard computational problems, in particular in the presence of paralogous proteins. Available approaches aim to identify interaction partners among protein/domain…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-01-14 Iman Hajirasouliha , Alexander Schönhuth , David Juan , Alfonso Valencia , S. Cenk Sahinalp

The Noah's Ark Problem (NAP) is an NP-Hard optimization problem with relevance to ecological conservation management. It asks to maximize the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of a set of taxa given a fixed budget, where each taxon is associated…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-10-27 G. Hickey , P. Carmi , A. Maheshwari , N. Zeh

Machine Learning has attracted considerable attention throughout the past decade due to its potential to solve far-reaching tasks, such as image classification, object recognition, anomaly detection, and data forecasting. A standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Gustavo Henrique de Rosa , Mateus Roder , João Paulo Papa
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