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In this paper we study a new approach to classify mathematical theorems according to their computational content. Basically, we are asking the question which theorems can be continuously or computably transferred into each other? For this…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-01-07 Vasco Brattka , Guido Gherardi

In his book \emph{Topics in Analytic Number Theory}, Hans Rademacher conjectured that the limits of certain sequences of coefficients that arise in the ordinary partial fraction decomposition of the generating function for partitions of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Andrew V. Sills , Doron Zeilberger

Branching and weak probabilistic bisimilarities are two well-known notions capturing behavioral equivalence between nondeterministic probabilistic systems. For probabilistic systems, divergence is of major concern. Recently several…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Hao Wu , Yuxi Fu , Huan Long , Xian Xu , Wenbo Zhang

There are several forms of irreducibility in computing systems, ranging from undecidability to intractability to nonlinearity. This paper is an exploration of the conceptual issues that have arisen in the course of investigating speed-up…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-06-24 Hector Zenil , Fernando Soler-Toscano , Joost J. Joosten

In this paper, using the tools from the lineability theory, we distinguish certain subsets of $p$-adic differentiable functions. Specifically, we show that the following sets of functions are large enough to contain an infinite dimensional…

For two independent, almost surely finite random variables, independence of their minimum (time) and the event that one of them is either greater, equal or less than the other (cause) is completely characterized. It is shown that, other…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-08 Offer Kella

We consider random fields that can be represented as integrals of deterministic functions with respect to infinitely divisible random measures and show that these random fields are infinitely divisible.

Probability · Mathematics 2010-08-13 Wolfgang Karcher , Hans-Peter Scheffler , Evgeny Spodarev

Multivariate discrete probability laws are considered. We show that such laws are quasi-infinitely divisible if and only if their characteristic functions are separated from zero. We generalize the existing results for the univariate…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-08 I. A. Alexeev , A. A. Khartov

High dimensional data can have a surprising property: pairs of data points may be easily separated from each other, or even from arbitrary subsets, with high probability using just simple linear classifiers. However, this is more of a rule…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Oliver J. Sutton , Qinghua Zhou , Alexander N. Gorban , Ivan Y. Tyukin

We study approximation in the unit interval by rational numbers whose numerators are selected randomly with certain probabilities. Previous work showed that an analogue of Khintchine's Theorem holds in a similar random model and raised the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Laima Kaziulytė , Felipe A. Ramírez

We propose new bounds on the error of learning algorithms in terms of a data-dependent notion of complexity. The estimates we establish give optimal rates and are based on a local and empirical version of Rademacher averages, in the sense…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Peter L. Bartlett , Olivier Bousquet , Shahar Mendelson

We define the lower and upper mutual dimensions $mdim(x:y)$ and $Mdim(x:y)$ between any two points $x$ and $y$ in Euclidean space. Intuitively these are the lower and upper densities of the algorithmic information shared by $x$ and $y$. We…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-10-16 Adam Case , Jack H. Lutz

We consider the Cauchy problem for the fourth order nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation with derivative nonlinearity $(i\partial _t + \Delta ^2) u= \pm \partial (|u|^2u)$ on $\mathbb{R} ^d$, $d \ge 3$, with random initial data, where…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-26 Hiroyuki Hirayama , Mamoru Okamoto

In this paper, we intend to revisit Theorem 2 of [3] formulating it in a way that, weakening the hypotheses and, at the same time, highlighting the richer conclusion allowed by the proof, it can potentially be applicable to a broader range…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-10-30 Biagio Ricceri

A $\lambda$-calculus is introduced in which all programs can be evaluated in probabilistic polynomial time and in which there is sufficient structure to represent sequential cryptographic constructions and adversaries for them, even when…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Ugo Dal Lago , Zeinab Galal , Giulia Giusti

The aim of this paper is to prove the exponential convergence, local and global, of Adam algorithm under precise conditions on the parameters, when the objective function lacks differentiability. More precisely, we require Lipschitz…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-14 Juan Ferrera , Javier Gómez Gil

If quantum mechanics is taken for granted the randomness derived from it may be vacuous or even delusional, yet sufficient for many practical purposes. "Random" quantum events are intimately related to the emergence of both space-time as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-27 Karl Svozil

The 2013 logic blog has focussed on the following: 1. Higher randomness. Among others, the Borel complexity of $\Pi^1_1$ randomness and higher weak 2 randomness is determined. 2. Reverse mathematics and its relationship to randomness. For…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-06-20 André Nies

Randomness in the sense of Martin-L\"of can be defined in terms of lower semicomputable supermartingales. We show that such a supermartingale cannot be replaced by a pair of supermartingales that bet only on the even bits (the first one)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-11-28 Andrej Muchnik

In his book Topics in Analytic Number Theory, Rademacher considered the generating function of partitions into at most $N$ parts, and conjectured certain limits for the coefficients of its partial fraction decomposition. We carry out an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-17 Michael Drmota , Stefan Gerhold