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We present a new framework for creating elegant algorithms for exact uniform sampling of important Catalan structures, such as triangulations of convex polygons, Dyck words, monotonic lattice paths and mountain ranges. Along with sampling,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Alexandros Angelopoulos , Eleni Bakali

Given an edge-weighted graph and a set of known seed vertices, a network scientist often desires to understand the graph relationships to explain connections between the seed vertices. When the seed set is 3 or larger Steiner minimal tree -…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Tahsin Reza , Geoffrey Sanders , Roger Pearce

In recent years, non-parametric methods utilizing random walks on graphs have been used to solve a wide range of machine learning problems, but in their simplest form they do not scale well due to the quadratic complexity. In this paper, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Saeed Amizadeh , Bo Thiesson , Milos Hauskrecht

In Connectivity Augmentation problems we are given a graph $H=(V,E_H)$ and an edge set $E$ on $V$, and seek a min-size edge set $J \subseteq E$ such that $H \cup J$ has larger edge/node connectivity than $H$. In the Edge-Connectivity…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Zeev Nutov

A probabilistic representation for initial value semilinear parabolic problems based on generalized random trees has been derived. Two different strategies have been proposed, both requiring generating suitable random trees combined with a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-13 Juan A. Acebron , Angel Rodriguez-Rozas

In the Directed Steiner Tree (DST) problem we are given an $n$-vertex directed edge-weighted graph, a root $r$, and a collection of $k$ terminal nodes. Our goal is to find a minimum-cost arborescence that contains a directed path from $r$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Fabrizio Grandoni , Bundit Laekhanukit , Shi Li

This paper addresses the problem of finding a B-term wavelet representation of a given discrete function $f \in \real^n$ whose distance from f is minimized. The problem is well understood when we seek to minimize the Euclidean distance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-07-23 Sudipto Guha , Boulos Harb

Parametric optimization solves a family of optimization problems as a function of parameters. It is a critical component in situations where optimal decision making is repeatedly performed for updated parameter values, but computation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Hyunglip Bae , Jang Ho Kim , Woo Chang Kim

We establish efficient approximate counting algorithms for several natural problems in local lemma regimes. In particular, we consider the probability of intersection of events and the dimension of intersection of subspaces. Our approach is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Ryan L. Mann , Gabriel Waite

We consider the problem of computing optimal search trees on trees (STTs). STTs generalize binary search trees (BSTs) in which we search nodes in a path (linear order) to search trees that facilitate search over general tree topologies.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Yaniv Sadeh , Haim Kaplan , Uri Zwick

Approximate inference in probability models is a fundamental task in machine learning. Approximate inference provides powerful tools to Bayesian reasoning, decision making, and Bayesian deep learning. The main goal is to estimate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Jun Han

We present a study of several generic tree search techniques applied to the Sequential Ordering Problem. This study enables us to propose a simple and competitive tree search algorithm. It consists of an iterative Beam Search algorithm that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-01-26 Luc Libralesso , Abdel-Malik Bouhassoun , Hadrien Cambazard , Vincent Jost

In this paper, we present an exact algorithm for the Steiner tree problem. The algorithm is based on certain pre-computed index structures. Our algorithm offers a practical solution for the Steiner tree problems on graphs of large size and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-05-27 Fang Wei-Kleiner

We give approximation schemes for Subset TSP and Steiner Tree on unit disk graphs, and more generally, on intersection graphs of similarly sized connected fat (not necessarily convex) polygons in the plane. As a first step towards this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Dániel Marx

Typical performance of approximation algorithms is studied for randomized minimum vertex cover problems. A wide class of random graph ensembles characterized by an arbitrary degree distribution is discussed with some theoretical frameworks.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-11-10 Satoshi Takabe , Koji Hukushima

Kernelization algorithms in the context of Parameterized Complexity are often based on a combination of reduction rules and combinatorial insights. We will expose in this paper a similar strategy for obtaining polynomial-time approximation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-09-15 Faisal N. Abu-Khzam , Cristina Bazgan , Morgan Chopin , Henning Fernau

We present a set of integer programs (IPs) for the Steiner tree problem with the property that the best solution obtained by solving all, provides an optimal Steiner tree. Each IP is polynomial in the size of the underlying graph and our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-11 Matias Siebert , Shabbir Ahmed , George Nemhauser

Universal approximation theorems are the foundations of classical neural networks, providing theoretical guarantees that the latter are able to approximate maps of interest. Recent results have shown that this can also be achieved in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Lukas Gonon , Antoine Jacquier

We study truthful mechanisms for matching and related problems in a partial information setting, where the agents' true utilities are hidden, and the algorithm only has access to ordinal preference information. Our model is motivated by the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Elliot Anshelevich , Shreyas Sekar

We consider the Bayesian optimal filtering problem: i.e. estimating some conditional statistics of a latent time-series signal from an observation sequence. Classical approaches often rely on the use of assumed or estimated transition and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-16 Adrian N. Bishop , Edwin V. Bonilla