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Current generative models are able to generate high-quality artefacts but have been shown to struggle with compositional reasoning, which can be defined as the ability to generate complex structures from simpler elements. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Giovanni Bindi , Philippe Esling

Coarse-grained models that preserve hydrodynamics provide a natural approach to study collective properties of soft-matter systems. Here, we demonstrate that commonly used integration schemes in dissipative particle dynamics give rise to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Gerhard Besold , Ilpo Vattulainen , Mikko Karttunen , James M. Polson

With the widespread application of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks has been extensively studied. However, most existing adversarial examples are generated on specific individual models,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Weifei Jin , Junjie Su , Hejia Wang , Yulin Ye , Jie Hao

Numerical modeling of elastic wave propagation in the subsurface requires applicability to heterogeneous, anisotropic and discontinuous media, as well as support of free surface boundary conditions. Here we study the cell-centered finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Ingrid Kristine Jacobsen , Inga Berre , Jan Martin Nordbotten , Ivar Stefansson

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image synthesis. However, addressing artifacts and unrealistic regions remains a critical challenge. We propose self-refining diffusion, a novel framework that enhances image generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Seoyeon Lee , Gwangyeol Yu , Chaewon Kim , Jonghyuk Park

The rapid evolution of deepfake technologies demands robust and reliable face forgery detection algorithms. While determining whether an image has been manipulated remains essential, the ability to precisely localize forgery clues is also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Siran Peng , Haoyuan Zhang , Li Gao , Tianshuo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhu , Bao Li , Weisong Zhao , Zhen Lei

We show how the notion of message passing can be used to streamline the algebra and computer coding for fast approximate inference in large Bayesian semiparametric regression models. In particular, this approach is amenable to handling…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-04-07 M. P. Wand

Underwater automatic target recognition (UATR) has been a challenging research topic in ocean engineering. Although deep learning brings opportunities for target recognition on land and in the air, underwater target recognition techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Xiaoteng Zhou , Changli Yu , Shihao Yuan , Xin Yuan , Hangchi Yu , Citong Luo

Application of transformation theory to underwater acoustics has been a challenging task because highly anisotropic density is unachievable in water. A possible strategy is to exploit anisotropic modulus rather than density, while has not…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-06-07 Yi Chen , Mingye Zheng , Xiaoning Liu , Yafeng Bi , Zhaoyong Sun , Ping Xiang , Jun Yang , Gengkai Hu

A lesser-known but powerful application of parabolic equation methods is to the target scattering problem. In this paper, we use noncanonically shaped objects to establish the limits of applicability of the traditional approach, and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Adith Ramamurti , David C. Calvo

Optical wavefront-shaping has emerged as a powerful tool to manipulate light in strongly scattering media. It enables diffraction-limited focusing and imaging at depths where conventional microscopy techniques fail. However, while most…

Optics · Physics 2014-03-04 T. Chaigne , O. Katz , A. C. Boccara , M. Fink , E. Bossy , S. Gigan

For several years, numerous attempts have been made to reduce noise and artifacts in MRI. Although there have been many successful methods to address these problems, practical implementation for clinical images is still challenging because…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Daiki Tamada

The formation of shear shock waves in the brain has been proposed as one of the plausible explanations for deep intracranial injuries. In fact, such singular solutions emerge naturally in soft viscoelastic tissues under dynamic loading…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-05 Harold Berjamin

Neural style transfer (NST) has evolved significantly in recent years. Yet, despite its rapid progress and advancement, existing NST methods either struggle to transfer aesthetic information from a style effectively or suffer from high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Joonwoo Kwon , Sooyoung Kim , Yuewei Lin , Shinjae Yoo , Jiook Cha

Image denoising or artefact removal using deep learning is possible in the availability of supervised training dataset acquired in real experiments or synthesized using known noise models. Neither of the conditions can be fulfilled for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-23 Suyog Jadhav , Sebastian Acuña , Krishna Agarwal , Dilip K. prasad

In this paper, we discuss a virtual element approximation for the modified transmission eigenvalue problem in inverse scattering for natural materials. In this case, due to the positive artificial diffusivity parameter in the considered…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Liangkun Xu , Shixi Wang , Hai Bi

The widespread use of AI-generated content from diffusion models has raised significant concerns regarding misinformation and copyright infringement. Watermarking is a crucial technique for identifying these AI-generated images and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Wenda Li , Huijie Zhang , Qing Qu

Ptychographic phase retrieval enables high-resolution imaging of complex samples but often suffers from artifacts such as grid pathology and multislice crosstalk, which degrade reconstructed images. We propose a plug-and-play (PnP)…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ming Du , Volker Rose , Junjing Deng , Dileep Singh , Si Chen , Mathew J. Cherukara

Score-based diffusion models have significantly advanced generative deep learning for image processing. Measurement conditioned models have also been applied to inverse problems such as CT reconstruction. However, the conventional approach,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Matthew Tivnan , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li

We consider the numerical approximation of acoustic wave propagation in the time domain by a mixed finite element method based on the BDM1-P0 spaces. A mass-lumping strategy for the BDM1 element, originally proposed by Wheeler and Yotov in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-13 H. Egger , B. Radu