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In this brief note, it is shown that the Bures-Wasserstein (BW) metric on the space positive definite matrices lends itself to convex optimization. In other words, the computation of the BW metric can be posed as a convex optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Shravan Mohan

The probabilities for gaps in the eigenvalue spectrum of finite $ N\times N $ random unitary ensembles on the unit circle with a singular weight, and the related hermitian ensembles on the line with Cauchy weight, are found exactly. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 N. S. Witte , P. J. Forrester

Semi-supervised clustering is the task of clustering data points into clusters where only a fraction of the points are labelled. The true number of clusters in the data is often unknown and most models require this parameter as an input.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Amar Shah , Zoubin Ghahramani

A quantum system's state is identified with a density matrix. Though their probabilistic interpretation is rooted in ensemble theory, density matrices embody a known shortcoming. They do not completely express an ensemble's physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Fabio Anza , James P. Crutchfield

We introduce and study a 2-parameter family of unitarily invariant probability measures on the space of infinite Hermitian matrices. We show that the decomposition of a measure from this family on ergodic components is described by a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alexei Borodin , Grigori Olshanski

While finite non-commutative operator systems lie at the foundation of quantum measurement, they are also tools for understanding geometric iterations as used in the theory of iterated function systems (IFSs) and in wavelet analysis. Key is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Palle E. T. Jorgensen

This short study reformulates the statistical Bayesian learning problem using a quantum mechanics framework. Density operators representing ensembles of pure states of sample wave functions are used in place probability densities. We show…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Yann Berquin

We prove that the quantum measurement process contains the same warping mechanism that occurs in categorical perception, a phenomenon ubiquitous in human perception. This warping causes stimuli belonging to the same category to be perceived…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-05 Diederik Aerts , Jonito Aerts Arguëlles , Sandro Sozzo

We study a 2-parametric family of probability measures on the space of countable point configurations on the punctured real line (the points of the random configuration are concentrated near zero). These measures (or, equivalently, point…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexei Borodin

The quantum geometric tensor and quantum Fisher information have recently been shown to provide a unified geometric description of the linear response of many-body systems. However, a similar geometric description of higher-order…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Yuntao Guan , Barry Bradlyn

A multitude of (dis)similarity measures between neural network representations have been proposed, resulting in a fragmented research landscape. Most of these measures fall into one of two categories. First, measures such as linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-21 Sarah E. Harvey , Brett W. Larsen , Alex H. Williams

In quantum information geometry, the curvature of von-Neumann entropy and relative entropy induce a natural metric on the space of mixed quantum states. Here we use this information metric to construct a random matrix ensemble for states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Harry J. D. Miller

In the past we have considered Gaussian random matrix ensembles in the presence of an external matrix source. The reason was that it allowed, through an appropriate tuning of the eigenvalues of the source, to obtain results on non-trivial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-09-26 E. Brezin , S. Hikami

We study various methods to generate ensembles of random density matrices of a fixed size N, obtained by partial trace of pure states on composite systems. Structured ensembles of random pure states, invariant with respect to local unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-27 Karol Zyczkowski , Karol A. Penson , Ion Nechita , Benoit Collins

In this contribution, we construct a connection between two quantum voting models presented previously. We propose to try to determine the result of a vote from associated given opinion polls. We introduce a density operator relative to the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-11-22 François Dubois

We consider the continuous quantum measurement of a two-level system, for example, a single-Cooper-pair box measured by a single-electron transistor or a double-quantum dot measured by a quantum point contact. While the approach most…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alexander N. Korotkov

We apply the general theory of Cauchy biorthogonal polynomials developed previously by the authors, to the case associated with Laguerre measures. In particular, we obtain explicit formulae in terms of Meijer-G functions for all key objects…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-12 M. Bertola , M. Gekhtman , J. Szmigielski

We study 12 parameter families of two qubit density matrices, arising from a special class of two-fermion systems with four single particle states or alternatively from a four-qubit state with amplitudes arranged in an antisymmetric matrix.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-29 Szilárd Szalay , Péter Lévay , Szilvia Nagy , János Pipek

We present mathematical techniques for addressing two closely related questions in quantum communication theory. In particular, we give a statistically motivated derivation of the Bures-Uhlmann measure of distinguishability for density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher A. Fuchs , Carlton M. Caves

We show that probabilities of results of all possible measurements performing on a quantum system depend on the system's state only through its density matrix. Therefore all experimentally available information about the state contains in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-01 Alexey Nenashev