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The theory of graph limits is only understood to any nontrivial degree in the cases of dense graphs and of bounded degree graphs. There is, however, a lot of interest in the intermediate cases. It appears that the most important…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-17 Laszlo Lovasz

Estimating the trajectories of multi-objects poses a significant challenge due to data association ambiguity, which leads to a substantial increase in computational requirements. To address such problems, a divide-and-conquer manner has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-24 Ji Youn Lee , Changbeom Shim , Hoa Van Nguyen , Tran Thien Dat Nguyen , Hyunjin Choi , Youngho Kim

Graphons are analytic objects associated with convergent sequences of graphs. Problems from extremal combinatorics and theoretical computer science led to a study of graphons determined by finitely many subgraph densities, which are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-20 Roman Glebov , Daniel Kral , Jan Volec

Color refinement is a classical technique used to show that two given graphs G and H are non-isomorphic; it is very efficient, although it does not succeed on all graphs. We call a graph G amenable to color refinement if it succeeds in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-05 V. Arvind , Johannes Köbler , Gaurav Rattan , Oleg Verbitsky

In 2006 Qian [J. Qian, Degree complete graphs; Discrete Mathematics 306 (2006), 533--537] introduced the concept of degree complete graphs for labeled graphs. He also gave a characterization of these graphs in terms of two forbidden…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-15 Sebastian Milz

This paper deals with the $\lambda$-labeling and $L(2,1)$-coloring of simple graphs. A $\lambda$-labeling of a graph $G$ is any labeling of the vertices of $G$ with different labels such that any two adjacent vertices receive labels which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Manouchehr Zaker

Graph labeling is a technique that assigns unique labels or weights to the vertices or edges of a graph, often used to analyze and solve various graph-related problems. There are few methods with certain limitations conducted by researchers…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Arafat Islam , Md. Imtiaz Habib

A paradigm that was successfully applied in the study of both pure and algorithmic problems in graph theory can be colloquially summarized as stating that "any graph is close to being the disjoint union of expanders". Our goal in this paper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-03 Guy Moshkovitz , Asaf Shapira

We establish tight lower and upper bounds on the number of edges in traceable graphs in several classes of dense graphs. A graph is traceable if it has a Hamiltonian path. We show that the bound is: - quadratic for the class of graphs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Michal Dvořák , Dušan Knop , Michal Opler , Jan Pokorný , Ondřej Suchý , Krisztina Szilágyi

The purpose of this paper is to provide a common framework for studying various generalizations of Leavitt algebras and Leavitt path algebras. This paper consists of two parts. In part I we define Cohn-Leavitt path algebras of a new class…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Mohan. R , B. N. Suhas

We consider a Random Graph Model on $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$ that incorporates the interplay between the statistics of the graph and the underlying space where the vertices are located. Based on a graphical construction of the model as the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Andressa Cerqueira , Nancy L. Garcia

We highlight a topological aspect of the graph limit theory. Graphons are limit objects for convergent sequences of dense graphs. We introduce the representation of a graphon on a unique metric space and we relate the dimension of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-24 László Lovász , Balázs Szegedy

In this paper we give a method to associate a graph with an arbitrary density matrix referred to a standard orthonormal basis in the Hilbert space of a finite dimensional quantum system. We study the related issues like classification of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-08-28 Ali Saif M. Hassan , Pramod Joag

Ribbon graphs embedded on a Riemann surface provide a useful way to describe the double line Feynman diagrams of large N computations and a variety of other QFT correlator and scattering amplitude calculations, e.g in MHV rules for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-11 Robert de Mello Koch , Sanjaye Ramgoolam , Congkao Wen

Property Testing is a formal framework to study the computational power and complexity of sampling from combinatorial objects. A central goal in standard graph property testing is to understand which graph properties are testable with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Artur Czumaj , Christian Sohler , Stefan Walzer

Models of discrete space and space-time that exhibit continuum-like behavior at large lengths could have profound implications for physics. They may tame the infinities that arise from quantizing gravity, and dispense with the machinery of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-10-29 Robert Stanley Farr , Thomas M. A. Fink

We study how the problem of observables is fully resolved for background independent theories defined on finite graphs. We argue the correct analogue of coordinate independence is the invariance under changes of graph labels, a kind of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-05 Emil Broukal , Andrea Di Biagio , Eugenio Bianchi , Marios Christodoulou

Metric graphs are ubiquitous in science and engineering. For example, many data are drawn from hidden spaces that are graph-like, such as the cosmic web. A metric graph offers one of the simplest yet still meaningful ways to represent the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Tamal K. Dey , Dayu Shi , Yusu Wang

The Lovasz theta function provides a lower bound for the chromatic number of finite graphs based on the solution of a semidefinite program. In this paper we generalize it so that it gives a lower bound for the measurable chromatic number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-21 Christine Bachoc , Gabriele Nebe , Fernando Mario de Oliveira Filho , Frank Vallentin

Directions of graphs were originally introduced in the study of a cops-and-robbers kind of game, while the study of end spaces has been used to generalize classical graph-theoretical results to infinite graphs, such as Halin's…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Gustavo Boska , Matheus Duzi , Paulo Magalhães Júnior