Related papers: The perils of thresholding
Most data processing techniques, applied to biomedical and sociological time series, are only valid for random fluctuations that are stationary in time. Unfortunately, these data are often non stationary and the use of techniques of…
Threshold tests have recently been proposed as a useful method for detecting bias in lending, hiring, and policing decisions. For example, in the case of credit extensions, these tests aim to estimate the bar for granting loans to white and…
This article is a presentation of specific recent results describing scaling limits of individual-based models. Thanks to them, we wish to relate the time-scales typical of demographic dynamics and natural selection to the parameters of the…
In extreme value analysis, sensitivity of inference to the definition of extreme event is a paramount issue. Under the peaks-over-threshold (POT) approach, this translates directly into the need of fitting a Generalized Pareto distribution…
An arbitrarily reliable quantum computer can be efficiently constructed from noisy components using a recursive simulation procedure, provided that those components fail with probability less than the fault-tolerance threshold. Recent…
In stochastic geometry there are several instances of threshold phenomena in high dimensions: the behavior of a limit of some expectation changes abruptly when some parameter passes through a critical value. This note continues the…
Scaling analysis reveals striking regularities in earthquake occurrence. The time between any one earthquake and that following it is random, but it is described by the same universal-probability distribution for any spatial region and…
Slip at a frictional interface occurs via intermittent events. Understanding how these events are nucleated, can propagate, or stop spontaneously remains a challenge, central to earthquake science and tribology. In the absence of disorder,…
The gradual patterns that model the complex co-variations of attributes of the form "The more/less X, The more/less Y" play a crucial role in many real world applications where the amount of numerical data to manage is important, this is…
Noise-induced phase transitions are common in various complex systems, from physics to biology. In this article, we investigate the emergence of crucial events in noise-induced phase transition processes and their potential significance for…
Experimental systems with a first order phase transition will often exhibit hysteresis when out of equilibrium. If defects are present, the hysteresis loop can have different shapes: with small disorder the hysteresis loop has a macroscopic…
In many application domains, time series are monitored to detect extreme events like technical faults, natural disasters, or disease outbreaks. Unfortunately, it is often non-trivial to select both a time series that is informative about…
In this work we investigate the phenomena associated with the new thresholds in the spectrum of excitations arising when different one-dimensional strongly interacting systems are voltage biased and weakly coupled by tunneling. We develop…
The so-called partition function is a sample moment statistic based on blocks of data and it is often used in the context of multifractal processes. It will be shown that its behaviour is strongly influenced by the tail of the distribution…
This paper proposes a method for modeling event sequences with ambiguous timestamps, a time-discounting convolution. Unlike in ordinary time series, time intervals are not constant, small time-shifts have no significant effect, and…
In the framework of the Statistical Multifragmentation Model, the nuclear isoscaling analysis is extended to constrain the ratio between the sizes of the decaying sources formed in a collision between two heavy ions. It is found that the…
The Hill estimator is often used to infer the power behavior in tails of experimental distribution functions. This estimator is known to produce bad results in certain situations which have lead to the so-called Hill horror plots. In this…
The state of a stochastic process evolving over a time $t$ is typically assumed to lie on a normal distribution whose width scales like $t^{1/2}$. However, processes where the probability distribution is not normal and the scaling exponent…
The one-dimensional contact process with weak to intermediate quenched disorder in its transmission rates is investigated via quasi-stationary Monte Carlo simulation. We address the contested questions of both the nature of dynamical…
The main purpose of this paper is to provide threshold functions for the events that a random subset of the points of a finite vector space has certain properties related to point-flat incidences. Specifically, we consider the events that…