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Quantum key distribution protocols constitute an important part of quantum cryptography, where the security of sensitive information arises from the laws of physics. In this paper we introduce a new family of key distribution protocols and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-12 Dariusz Kurzyk , Łukasz Pawela , Zbigniew Puchała

We present a quantum communication protocol which keeps all the properties of the ping-pong protocol [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187902 (2002)] but improves the capacity doubly as the ping-pong protocol. Alice and Bob can use the variable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Qing-yu Cai , Bai-wen Li

Quantum Key Distribution or QKD provides symmetric key distribution using the quantum mechanics/channels with new security properties. The security of QKD relies on the difficulty of the quantum state discrimination problem. We discover…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-23 Yaroslav Balytskyi , Manohar Raavi , Anatoliy Pinchuk , Sang-Yoon Chang

An efficient high-capacity quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed following some ideas in quantum dense coding with two-photon entanglement. The message sender, Alice prepares and measures the two-photon entangled states, and the two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Hong-Yu Zhou

We proposed a new scheme for quantum key distribution based on entanglement swapping. By this protocol \QTR{em}{Alice} can securely share a random quantum key with \QTR{em}{Bob}, without transporting any particle.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Chong Li , He-Shan Song , Ling Zhou , Chun-Feng Wu

Secure key distribution among two remote parties is impossible when both are classical, unless some unproven (and arguably unrealistic) computation-complexity assumptions are made, such as the difficulty of factorizing large numbers. On the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-01 Michel Boyer , Ran Gelles , Dan Kenigsberg , Tal Mor

We describe how to modify the BB84 protocol for quantum cryptography in order to make it deterministic. We study both theoretical and experimental aspects of this issue, showing that the new scheme is as secure as the old one, more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-27 M. Lucamarini , J. S. Shaari , M. R. B. Wahiddin

When the 4-state or the 6-state protocol of quantum cryptography is carried out on a noisy (i.e. realistic) quantum channel, then the raw key has to be processed to reduce the information of an adversary Eve down to an arbitrarily low…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 N. Gisin , S. Wolf

Security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) often require post-processing schemes to simplify the data structure, and hence the security proof. We show a generic method to improve resulting secure key rates by partially reversing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-29 Xiongfeng Ma , Norbert Lütkenhaus

A novel technique is devised to perform orthogonal state quantum key distribution. In this scheme, entangled parts of a quantum information carrier are sent from Alice to Bob through two quantum channels. However before the transmission,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Fe-Guo Deng , Gui Lu Long

Cryptographic key exchange protocols traditionally rely on computational conjectures such as the hardness of prime factorisation to provide security against eavesdropping attacks. Remarkably, quantum key distribution protocols like the one…

Quantum key distribution is an effective encryption technique which can be used to perform secure quantum communication between satellite and ground stations. Quantum cryptography enhances security in various networks such as optical fibers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-20 Vishal Sharma , Subhashish Banerjee

Quantum key distribution is among the foremost applications of quantum mechanics, both in terms of fundamental physics and as a technology on the brink of commercial deployment. Starting from principal schemes and initial proofs of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-01-29 Wolfgang Mauerer , Wolfram Helwig , Christine Silberhorn

We present protocols for quantum key distribution in a prepare-and-measure setup with an asymmetric level of trust. While the device of the sender (Alice) is partially characterized, the receiver's (Bob's) device is treated as a black-box.…

In this paper, we present a first step towards a formalisation of the Quantum Key Distribution algorithm in Isabelle. We focus on the formalisation of the main probabilistic argument why Bob cannot be certain about the key bit sent by Alice…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-02 Florian Kammüller

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols attempt to establish a shared secret key between users, secure against computationally unbounded adversaries. Unlike standard quantum key distribution protocols, SQKD protocols contain at least…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Saachi Mutreja , Walter O. Krawec

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is an important branch of quantum information science as it holds promise for unconditionally secure communication. For QKD research, a central issue is to improve the final secure key rate (SKR) and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Hao-Kun Mao , Qiang Zhao , Yu-Cheng Qiao , Bing-Ze Yan , Bing-Jie Xu , Ahmed A. Abd EL-Latif , Qiong Li

Quantum key distribution promises information-theoretically secure communication, with data post-processing playing a vital role in extracting secure keys from raw data. While hardware advancements have significantly improved practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Zhenyu Du , Guoding Liu , Xingjian Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma

In recent years, quantum computing technologies have steadily matured and have begun to find practical applications across various domains. One important area is network communication security, where Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abel C. H. Chen

The security of quantum key distribution protocols hinges upon features of physical systems that are uniquely quantum in nature. We explore the role of quantumness as qualified by quantum contextuality, in quantum key distribution schemes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-04 Jaskaran Singh , Kishor Bharti , Arvind