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Local time of a stochastic process quantifies the amount of time that sample trajectories $x(\tau)$ spend in the vicinity of an arbitrary point $x$. For a generic Hamiltonian, we employ the phase-space path-integral representation of random…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-05-31 Vaclav Zatloukal

We present high statistics simulation data for the average time $\langle T_{\rm cover}(L)\rangle$ that a random walk needs to cover completely a 2-dimensional torus of size $L\times L$. They confirm the mathematical prediction that $\langle…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-19 Peter Grassberger

We provide an analysis of the expected meeting time of two independent random walks on a regular graph. For 1-D circle and 2-D torus graphs, we show that the expected meeting time can be expressed as the sum of the inverse of non-zero…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-12 Yizhen Zhang , Zihan Tan , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

Let $\xi(k,n)$ be the local time of a simple symmetric random walk on the line. We give a strong approximation of the centered local time process $\xi(k,n)-\xi(0,n)$ in terms of a Wiener sheet and an independent Wiener process, time changed…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-09-05 Endre Csáki , Miklós Csörgő , Antónia Földes , Pál Révész

On the trace of a discrete-time simple random walk on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ for $d\geq 2$, we consider the evolution of favorite sites, i.e., sites that achieve the maximal local time at a certain time. For $d=2$, we show that almost surely three…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Chenxu Hao , Xinyi Li , Izumi Okada , Yushu Zheng

We define two families of Poissonian soups of bidirectional trajectories on $\mathbb{Z}^2$, which can be seen to adequately describe the local picture of the trace left by a random walk on the two-dimensional torus $(\mathbb{Z}/N…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-05 Pierre-François Rodriguez

Given a sequence of lattice approximations $D_N\subset\mathbb Z^2$ of a bounded continuum domain $D\subset\mathbb R^2$ with the vertices outside $D_N$ fused together into one boundary vertex $\varrho$, we consider discrete-time simple…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Yoshihiro Abe , Marek Biskup , Sangchul Lee

Sharp estimates for the length of loop erased random walk between two vertices on the [n]^d -torus, d > 4, are established. The mean length is order n^{d/2} . In dimension 4 we have only an upper bound.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Itai Benjamini , Gady Kozma

Local time is the measure of how much time a random walk has visited a given position. In multiple scattering media, where waves are diffuse, local time measures the sensitivity of the waves to the local medium's properties. Local…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-11-28 Vincent Rossetto

We compute the second order correction for the cover time of the binary tree of depth $n$ by (continuous-time) random walk, and show that with probability approaching 1 as $n$ increases, $\sqrt{\tau_{\mathrm{cov}}}=\sqrt{|E|}[\sqrt{2\log…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-05 Jian Ding , Ofer Zeitouni

These notes were written for the mini-course "Extrema of log-correlated random variables: Principles and Examples" at the Introductory School held in January 2015 at the Centre International de Rencontres Math\'ematiques in Marseille. There…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-01-05 Louis-Pierre Arguin

We study downward deviations of the maximum local time of the discrete-time simple random walk on $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d\ge 3$. In our previous paper \cite{li2026ldmaxlocal}, the corresponding upper bound was established, while the matching…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-18 Xinyi Li , Yushu Zheng

The aim of this paper is to represent any continuous local martingale as an almost sure limit of a nested sequence of simple, symmetric random walks, time changed by a discrete quadratic variation process. One basis of this is a similar…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-08-10 Balazs Szekely , Tamas Szabados

We survey recent results on some one- and two-dimensional patterns generated by random permutations of natural numbers. In the first part, we discuss properties of random walks, evolving on a one-dimensional regular lattice in discrete time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 G. Oshanin , R. Voituriez , S. Nechaev , O. Vasilyev , F. Hivert

These lecture notes offer a gentle introduction to the two-dimensional Discrete Gaussian Free Field with particular attention paid to the scaling limits of the level sets at heights proportional to the absolute maximum. The bulk of the text…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-06 Marek Biskup

We study the maximal displacement of branching random walks in a class of time inhomogeneous environments. Specifically, binary branching random walks with Gaussian increments will be considered, where the variances of the increments change…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-07 Ofer Zeitouni , Ming Fang

In this note we first consider local times of random walks killed at leaving positive half-axis. We prove that the distribution of the properly rescaled local time at point $N$ conditioned on being positive converges towards an exponential…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-22 Denis Denisov , Vitali Wachtel

Let T(x,r) denote the first hitting time of the disc of radius r centered at x for Brownian motion on the two dimensional torus. We prove that sup_{x} T(x,r)/|log r|^2 --> 2/pi as r --> 0. The same applies to Brownian motion on any smooth,…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Amir Dembo , Yuval Peres , Jay Rosen , Ofer Zeitouni

Using the results of Ding, Lee, Peres [3], we develop formulas to compute the hitting times and cover times for random walks on groups. We developed an explicit formula for hitting times in terms of the irreducible representations of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Christopher Zhang

A simple random walk on a graph is a sequence of movements from one vertex to another where at each step an edge is chosen uniformly at random from the set of edges incident on the current vertex, and then transitioned to next vertex.…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-02-28 Mohammed Abdullah