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Network topology matrices are algebraic representations of graphs that are widely used in modeling and analysis of various applications including electrical circuits, communication networks and transportation systems. In this paper, we…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Kubra Aksoy , Adnan Rashid , Osman Hasan , Sofiene Tahar

Interactive Theorem Provers (ITPs) are an indispensable tool in the arsenal of formal method experts as a platform for construction and (formal) verification of proofs. The complexity of the proofs in conjunction with the level of expertise…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Eric Yeh , Briland Hitaj , Sam Owre , Maena Quemener , Natarajan Shankar

Language models have become increasingly powerful tools for formal mathematical reasoning. However, most existing approaches rely exclusively on either large general-purpose models or smaller specialized models, each with distinct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Nicolas Wischermann , Claudio Mayrink Verdun , Gabriel Poesia , Francesco Noseda

Hierarchical proof trees (hiproofs for short) add structure to ordinary proof trees, by allowing portions of trees to be hierarchically nested. The additional structure can be used to abstract away from details, or to label particular…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-07-11 Steven Obua , Mark Adams , David Aspinall

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently advanced the field of Automated Theorem Proving (ATP), attaining substantial performance gains through widely adopted test-time scaling strategies, notably reflective Chain-of-Thought (CoT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Mukai Li , Linfeng Song , Zhenwen Liang , Jiahao Xu , Shansan Gong , Qi Liu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Logic programming with tabling and constraints (TCLP, tabled constraint logic programming) has been shown to be more expressive and in some cases more efficient than LP, CLP or LP + tabling. Previous designs of TCLP systems did not fully…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Joaquín Arias , Manuel Carro

This report describes three particular technological advances in formal proofs. The HOL Light proof assistant will be used to illustrate the design of a highly reliable system. Today, proof assistants can verify large bodies of advanced…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-28 Thomas C. Hales

LPTP (Logic Program Theorem Prover) is an interactive natural-deduction-based theorem prover for pure Prolog programs with negation as failure, unification with the occurs check, and a restricted but extensible set of built-in predicates.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Fred Mesnard , Thierry Marianne , Étienne Payet

We propose a novel approach to interactive theorem-proving (ITP) using deep reinforcement learning. The proposed framework is able to learn proof search strategies as well as tactic and arguments prediction in an end-to-end manner. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Minchao Wu , Michael Norrish , Christian Walder , Amir Dezfouli

Machine-assisted theorem proving refers to the process of conducting structured reasoning to automatically generate proofs for mathematical theorems. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in using machine learning models in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Leni Aniva , Chuyue Sun , Brando Miranda , Clark Barrett , Sanmi Koyejo

Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) in formal languages is a foundational challenge for AI. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven remarkable progress, a significant gap remains between their powerful informal reasoning capabilities and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Zhenwen Liang , Linfeng Song , Yang Li , Tao Yang , Feng Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

We present a trustworthy connection between the Leon verification system and the Isabelle proof assistant. Leon is a system for verifying functional Scala programs. It uses a variety of automated theorem provers (ATPs) to check verification…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-07 Lars Hupel , Viktor Kuncak

The synergy between deep learning models and traditional automation tools, such as built-in tactics of the proof assistant and off-the-shelf automated theorem provers, plays a crucial role in developing robust and efficient neural theorem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Haoxiong Liu , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li , Andrew C Yao

The state-of-the-art in optimal control from timed temporal logic specifications, including Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) and Signal Temporal Logic (STL), is based on Mixed-Integer Convex Programming (MICP). The standard MICP approach is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-03 Vince Kurtz , Hai Lin

AI agents have shown initial promise in automating mathematical theorem proving in proof assistants such as Lean. The same proof assistants can be used to verify the correctness of code by pairing code with specifications and proofs that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Evan Lohn , Sean Welleck

We present ML4PG - a machine learning extension for Proof General. It allows users to gather proof statistics related to shapes of goals, sequences of applied tactics, and proof tree structures from the libraries of interactive higher-order…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Ekaterina Komendantskaya , Jónathan Heras , Gudmund Grov

Solving mathematical problems using computer-verifiable languages like Lean has significantly impacted the mathematical and computer science communities. State-of-the-art methods utilize a single Large Language Model (LLM) to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ruida Wang , Rui Pan , Yuxin Li , Jipeng Zhang , Yizhen Jia , Shizhe Diao , Renjie Pi , Junjie Hu , Tong Zhang

During the High Luminosity phase of LHC, up to 200 proton-proton collisions per bunch crossing will bring severe challenges for event reconstruction. To mitigate pileup effects, an extended upgrade program of the CMS experiment is expected.…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-03-23 Simona Palluotto

Connection calculi allow for very compact implementations of goal-directed proof search. We give an overview of our work related to connection tableaux calculi: First, we show optimised functional implementations of clausal and nonclausal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Michael Färber , Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban

We present a tool called HHLPar for verifying hybrid systems modelled in Hybrid Communicating Sequential Processes (HCSP). HHLPar is built upon a Hybrid Hoare Logic for HCSP, which is able to reason about continuous-time properties of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Xiangyu Jin , Bohua Zhan , Shuling Wang , Naijun Zhan