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A central challenge in Gravitational Wave Astronomy is identifying weak signals in the presence of non-stationary and non-Gaussian noise. The separation of gravitational wave signals from noise requires good models for both. When accurate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-17 Neil J. Cornish , Tyson B. Littenberg

Modelling noise in gravitational-wave observatories is crucial for accurately inferring the properties of gravitational-wave sources. We introduce a transdimensional Bayesian approach to characterise the noise in ground-based…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-10 Nir Guttman , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane

We describe updates and improvements to the BayesWave gravitational wave transient analysis pipeline, and provide examples of how the algorithm is used to analyze data from ground-based gravitational wave detectors. BayesWave models…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-10 Neil J. Cornish , Tyson B. Littenberg , Bence Bécsy , Katerina Chatziioannou , James A. Clark , Sudarshan Ghonge , Margaret Millhouse

Bayesian inference is used to extract unknown parameters from gravitational wave signals. Detector noise is typically modelled as stationary, although data from the LIGO and Virgo detectors is not stationary. We demonstrate that the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-13 O Edy , A. Lundgren , L. K. Nuttall

This review provides a conceptual and technical survey of methods for parameter estimation of gravitational wave signals in ground-based interferometers such as LIGO and Virgo. We introduce the framework of Bayesian inference and provide an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-01 Javier Roulet , Tejaswi Venumadhav

Excess noise from scattered light poses a persistent challenge in the analysis of data from gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO. We integrate a physically motivated model for the behavior of these "glitches" into a standard Bayesian…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 Rhiannon Udall , Derek Davis

Ground-based gravitational wave laser interferometers (LIGO, GEO-600, Virgo and Tama-300) have now reached high sensitivity and duty cycle. We present a Bayesian evidence-based approach to the search for gravitational waves, in particular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio

With the advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors taking observations the detection of gravitational waves is expected within the next few years. Extracting astrophysical information from gravitational wave detections is a well-posed problem and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Tyson B. Littenberg , Jonah B. Kanner , Neil J. Cornish , Margaret Millhouse

Central to the gravitational wave detection problem is the challenge of separating features in the data produced by astrophysical sources from features produced by the detector. Matched filtering provides an optimal solution for Gaussian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-12-09 Tyson B. Littenberg , Neil J. Cornish

Estimating the parameters of gravitational wave signals detected by ground-based detectors requires an understanding of the properties of the detectors' noise. In particular, the most commonly used likelihood function for gravitational wave…

It is expected that interferometric gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO \cite{Barish99} will be eventually limited by fundamental noise sources like shot noise and Brownian motion, as well as by seismic noise. In the commissioning…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Gabriela Gonzalez

The study of compact binary in-spirals and mergers with gravitational wave observatories amounts to optimizing a theoretical description of the data to best reproduce the true detector output. While most of the research effort in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-30 Tyson B. Littenberg , Michael Coughlin , Benjamin Farr , Will M. Farr

We currently lack good waveform models for many gravitational wave sources. Examples where models are lacking include neutron star post merger signals, core collapse supernovae, and signals of unknown origin. Wavelet based techniques have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-19 Toral Gupta , Neil Cornish

The analysis of gravitational wave interferometer data requires estimates for the noise covariance matrix. For stationary noise, this amounts to estimating the power spectrum. Classical methods such as Welch averaging are used in many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-05 Toral Gupta , Neil Cornish

A common technique for detection of gravitational-wave signals is searching for excess power in frequency-time maps of gravitational-wave detector data. In the event of a detection, model selection and parameter estimation will be performed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Michael Coughlin , Nelson Christensen , Jonathan Gair , Shivaraj Kandhasamy , Eric Thrane

We show that gravitational-wave signals from compact binary mergers may be better distinguished from instrumental noise transients by using Bayesian models that look for signal coherence across a detector network. This can be achieved even…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-30 Maximiliano Isi , Rory Smith , Salvatore Vitale , T. J. Massinger , Jonah Kanner , Avi Vajpeyi

Methods for parameter estimation of gravitational-wave data assume that detector noise is stationary and Gaussian. Real data deviates from these assumptions, which causes bias in the inferred parameters and incorrect estimates of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-22 Ronaldas Macas , Andrew Lundgren

The present operation of the ground-based network of gravitational-wave laser interferometers in "enhanced" configuration brings the search for gravitational waves into a regime where detection is highly plausible. The development of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio

We present a method to characterize the noise in ground-based gravitational-wave observatories such as the Laser Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). This method uses linear regression algorithms such as the least absolute shrinkage and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-21 Guillermo Valdes , Adam Hines , Andrea Nelson , Yanqi Zhang , Felipe Guzman

We provide a comprehensive multi-aspect study on the performance of a pipeline used by the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration for estimating parameters of gravitational-wave bursts. We add simulated signals with four different morphologies…

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