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Related papers: A Collisional Origin to Earth's Non-chondritic Com…

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An exoplanet's structure and composition are first-order controls of the planet's habitability. We explore which aspects of bulk terrestrial planet composition and interior structure affect the chief observables of an exoplanet: its mass…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-16 Cayman T. Unterborn , Evan E. Dismukes , Wendy R. Panero

The rate at which giant planets accumulate solids and gas is a critical component of planet formation models, yet it is extremely challenging to predict from first principles. Characterizing the heavy element (everything other than hydrogen…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-14 Yayaati Chachan , Jonathan J. Fortney , Kazumasa Ohno , Daniel Thorngren , Ruth Murray-Clay

The ``minimum-mass solar nebula'' (MMSN) model estimates the surface density distribution of the protoplanetary disk by assuming the planets to have formed in situ. However, significant radial migration of the giant planets likely occurred…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Sean N. Raymond , Thomas Quinn , Jonathan I. Lunine

Volatile molecules containing hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen are key components of planetary atmospheres. In the pebble accretion model for rocky planet formation, these volatile species are accreted during the main planetary formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 Anders Johansen , Thomas Ronnet , Martin Schiller , Zhengbin Deng , Martin Bizzarro

Some low-density exoplanets are thought to be water-rich worlds that formed beyond the snow line of their protoplanetary disc, possibly accreting coequal portions of rock and water. However, the compositions of bodies within the Solar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-16 Jie Li , Edwin A. Bergin , Marc M. Hirschmann , Geoffrey A. Blake , Fred J. Ciesla , Eliza M. -R. Kempton

Carbonaceous chondrites are samples from planetesimals that formed 2-4 million years after solar system formation began. They consist of distinct dust components formed at different times and locations in the accretion disk and whose…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Nerea Gurrutxaga , Joanna Drazkowska , Vignesh Vaikundaraman , Thorsten Kleine

Planet formation encompasses processes that span a remarkable 40 magnitudes in mass, ranging from collisions between micron-sized grains inherited from the ISM to the accretion of gas by giant planets. The planet formation process takes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-18 Chris Ormel

I present here a new, indivisible planetary science paradigm, a wholly self-consistent vision of the nature of matter in the Solar System, and dynamics and energy sources of planets. Massive-core planets formed by condensing and raining-out…

General Physics · Physics 2013-07-01 J. Marvin Herndon

Metals observed in the atmospheres of white dwarfs suggest that many have recently accreted planetary bodies. In some cases, the compositions observed suggest the accretion of material dominantly from the core (or the mantle) of a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Amy Bonsor , Philip J. Carter , Mark Hollands , Boris T. Gaensicke , Zoe Leinhardt , John H. D. Harrison

Because of their common origin, it was assumed that the composition of planet building blocks should, to a first order, correlate with stellar atmospheric composition, especially for refractory elements. In fact, information on the relative…

This paper presents a new terrestrial planet formation theory demonstrating that Earth-mass planets form naturally in tandem protosolar disks. Our model builds upon tandem planet formation theory (Ebisuzaki and Imaeda 2017; Imaeda and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-15 Tokuhiro Nimura , Toshikazu Ebisuzaki

The final composition of giant planets formed as a result of gravitational instability in the disk gas depends on their ability to capture solid material (planetesimals) during their 'pre-collapse' stage, when they are extended and cold,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 R. Helled , P. Bodenheimer

The composition of the protoplanetary disc is linked to the composition of the host star, where a higher overall metallicity of the host star provides more building blocks for planets. However, most planet formation simulations only link…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 Bertram Bitsch , Chiara Battistini

We first consider how the level of turbulence in a protoplanetary disk affects the formation locations for the observed close-in super-Earths in exosolar systems. We find that a protoplanetary disk that includes a dead zone (a region of low…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Rebecca G. Martin , Mario Livio

Current protoplanetary dust coagulation theory does not predict dry silicate planetesimals, in tension with the Earth. While remedies to this predicament have been proposed, they have generally failed numerical studies, or are in tension…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-03 Alexander Hubbard

Mercury has an unusually large metal core comprising ~70% of its mass comparing to all other terrestrial planets in the solar system. Giant impacts can remove a significant fraction of the silicate mantle of a chondritic proto-Mercury and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Hongping Deng

Planet formation models have been developed during the last years in order to try to reproduce the observations of both the solar system, and the extrasolar planets. Some of these models have partially succeeded, focussing however on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Y. Alibert , F. Carron , A. Fortier , S. Pfyffer , W. Benz , C. Mordasini , D. Swoboda

Chondrites are undifferentiated sediments of material left over from the earliest solar system and are widely considered as representatives of the unprocessed building blocks of the terrestrial planets. The chondrites, along with processed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-15 Takashi Yoshizaki , Richard D. Ash , Tetsuya Yokoyama , Marc D. Lipella , William F. McDonough

Rocky planet compositions regulate planetary evolution by affecting core sizes, mantle properties, and melting behaviours. Yet, quantitative treatments of this aspect of exoplanet studies remain generally under-explored. We attempt to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-17 Rob J. Spaargaren , Haiyang S. Wang , Stephen J Mojzsis , Maxim D Ballmer , Paul J Tackley

The bulk chemical composition and interior structure of rocky exoplanets are of fundamental importance to understanding their long-term evolution and potential habitability. Observations of the chemical compositions of the solar system…