Related papers: Lowness for Integer-Valued Randomness
We extend probability estimates on the smallest singular value of random matrices with independent entries to a class of sparse random matrices. We show that one can relax a previously used condition of uniform boundedness of the variances…
We analyze how frequently instant runoff voting (IRV) selects the weakest (or least popular) candidate in three-candidate elections. We consider four definitions of ``weakest candidate'': the Borda loser, the Bucklin loser, the candidate…
Algorithmic theories of randomness can be related to theories of probabilistic sequence prediction through the notion of a predictor, defined as a function which supplies lower bounds on initial-segment probabilities of infinite sequences.…
A decision maker observes the evolving state of the world while constantly trying to predict the next state given the history of past states. The ability to benefit from such predictions depends not only on the ability to recognize patters…
Randomness plays a central rol in the quantum mechanical description of our interactions. We review the relationship between the violation of Bell inequalities, non signaling and randomness. We discuss the challenge in defining a random…
In allocating objects via lotteries, it is common to consider ordinal rules that rely solely on how agents rank degenerate lotteries. While ordinality is often imposed due to cognitive or informational constraints, we provide another…
In contrast with software-generated randomness (called pseudo-randomness), quantum randomness is provable incomputable, i.e.\ it is not exactly reproducible by any algorithm. We provide experimental evidence of incomputability --- an…
We prove a weak iterated invariance principle for a large class of non-uniformly expanding random dynamical systems. In addition, we give a quenched homogenization result for fast-slow systems in the case when the fast component corresponds…
Suppose that we are given an infinite binary sequence which is random for a Bernoulli measure of parameter $p$. By the law of large numbers, the frequency of zeros in the sequence tends to~$p$, and thus we can get better and better…
We define a real $A$ to be low for paths in Baire space (or Cantor space) if every $\Pi^0_1$ class with an $A$-computable element has a computable element. We prove that lowness for paths in Baire space and lowness for paths in Cantor space…
Let A be an n*n random matrix with mean zero and independent inhomogeneous non-constant subgaussian entries. We get that for any k<c\sqrt{n}, the probability of the matrix has a lower rank than n-k that is sub-exponential. Furthermore, we…
In a weak measurement the real and imaginary parts of a weak value participate in the shifts of the complementary variables of a pointer. While the real part represents the value of an observable in the limit of zero measurement strength,…
Integer data sets frequently appear in many applications in sciences and technology. To analyze these, integer low rank approximation has received much attention due to its capacity of representing the results in integers preserving the…
We study the question, ``For which reals $x$ does there exist a measure $\mu$ such that $x$ is random relative to $\mu$?'' We show that for every nonrecursive $x$, there is a measure which makes $x$ random without concentrating on $x$. We…
We study the empirical meaning of randomness with respect to a family of probability distributions $P_\theta$, where $\theta$ is a real parameter, using algorithmic randomness theory. In the case when for a computable probability…
We give upper bound for several highness properties in computability randomness theory. First, we prove that discrete covering property does not imply the ability to compute a 1-random real, answering a question of Greenberg, Miller and…
Martin-Lof's definition of random sequences of cbits as those not belonging to any set of constructive zero Lebesgue measure is reformulated in the language of Algebraic Probability Theory. The adoption of the Pour-El Richards theory of…
We investigate enumerability properties for classes of sets which permit recursive, lexicographically increasing approximations, or left-r.e. sets. In addition to pinpointing the complexity of left-r.e. Martin-L\"{o}f, computably, Schnorr,…
Algorithmic randomness theory starts with a notion of an individual random object. To be reasonable, this notion should have some natural properties; in particular, an object should be random with respect to image distribution if and only…
Randomness comes in two qualitatively different forms. Apparent randomness can result both from ignorance or lack of control of degrees of freedom in the system. In contrast, intrinsic randomness should not be ascribable to any such cause.…