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Early modular fault tolerant quantum computers remain constrained by costly inter-module communication and limited magic state factory service. Understanding such bottlenecks and investigating compiler optimizations most close the gap…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Kun Liu , Ben Foxman , Gian-Luca R. Anselmetti , Yongshan Ding

In this work, we consider error detection via simulation for reversible circuit architectures. We rigorously prove that reversibility augments the performance of this simple error detection protocol to a considerable degree. A single…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille , Richard Kueng

Circuit obfuscation is a frequently used approach to conceal logic functionalities in order to prevent reverse engineering attacks on fabricated chips. Efficient obfuscation implementations are expected with lower design complexity and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Jianlei Yang , Xueyan Wang , Qiang Zhou , Zhaohao Wang , Hai , Li , Yiran Chen , Weisheng Zhao

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

We present a quantum circuit synthesis algorithm for implementing universal fault-tolerant quantum computing based on concatenated codes. To realize fault-tolerant quantum computing, the fault-tolerant quantum protocols should be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Yongsoo Hwang

We present two new constructions for the Toffoli gate which substantially reduce resource costs in fault-tolerant quantum computing. The first contribution is a Toffoli gate requiring Clifford operations plus only four $T =…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-18 Cody Jones

Impurities hosted in semiconducting solid matrices represent an extensively studied platform for quantum computing applications. In this scenario, the so-called flip-flop qubit emerges as a convenient choice for scalable implementations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Elena Ferraro , Davide Rei , Matteo Paris , Marco De Michielis

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been a long-standing candidate for processing of temporal sequence data, especially in memory-constrained systems that one may find in embedded edge computing environments. Recent advances in training…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Sebastian Billaudelle , Laura Kriener , Filippo Moro , Tristan Torchet , Melika Payvand

The quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nano-technique has attracted computer scientists due to its noticeable features such as low power consumption and small size. Many papers have been published in the literature about the utilization of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Ali H. Majeed , Esam Alkaldy , Mohd Shamian bin Zainal , andDanial Bin MD Nor

Invertible logic can operate in one of two modes: 1) a forward mode, in which inputs are presented and a single, correct output is produced, and 2) a reverse mode, in which the output is fixed and the inputs take on values consistent with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sean C. Smithson , Naoya Onizawa , Brett H. Meyer , Warren J. Gross , Takahiro Hanyu

Dedicated hardware implementations of spiking neural networks that combine the advantages of mixed-signal neuromorphic circuits with those of emerging memory technologies have the potential of enabling ultra-low power pervasive sensory…

As techniques for fault-tolerant quantum computation keep improving, it is natural to ask: what is the fundamental lower bound on redundancy? In this paper, we obtain a lower bound on the redundancy required for $\epsilon$-accurate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 Uthirakalyani G , Anuj K. Nayak , Avhishek Chatterjee

Coherent gate errors are a concern in many proposed quantum computing architectures. These errors can be effectively handled through composite pulse sequences for single-qubit gates, however, such techniques are less feasible for entangling…

Fault-tolerant logic gates will consume a large proportion of the resources of a two-dimensional quantum computing architecture. Here we show how to perform a fault-tolerant non-Clifford gate with the surface code; a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-20 Benjamin J. Brown

Many current quantum error-correcting codes that achieve full fault tolerance suffer from having low ratios of logical to physical qubits and significant overhead. This makes them difficult to implement on current noisy intermediate-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Christopher Gerhard , Todd A. Brun

Over the past decade, research in quantum computing has tended to fall into one of two camps: near-term intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) and fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). Yet, a growing body of work has been investigating how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Amara Katabarwa , Katerina Gratsea , Athena Caesura , Peter D. Johnson

High-rate quantum LDPC (qLDPC) codes reduce memory overhead by densely packing many logical qubits into a single block of physical qubits. Here we extend this concept to high-rate computation by constructing \emph{batched} fault-tolerant…

Fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is essential for achieving large-scale practical quantum computation. Implementing arbitrary FTQC requires the execution of a universal gate set on logical qubits, which is highly challenging.…

A reversible logic has application in quantum computing. A reversible logic design needs resources such as ancilla and garbage qubits to reconfigure circuit functions or gate functions. The removal of garbage qubits and ancilla qubits are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-04 Jayashree HV , Himanshu Thapliyal , Hamid R. Arabnia , V K Agrawal
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