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Nonlinear optical materials are essential for the development of both nonlinear and quantum optics and have advanced recently from bulk crystals to integrated material platforms. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the emerging…

All-optical integrated circuits for computing and information processing have been pursued for decades as a potential strategy to overcome the speed limitations intrinsic to electronics. However feasible on-chip integrated logic units and…

The interaction of light with subwavelength metallic nano-structures is at the heart of different current scientific hot topics, namely plasmonics, metamaterials and nanoantennas. Research in these disciplines during the last decade has…

Light modulation is an essential operation in photonics and optoelectronics. With existing and emerging technologies increasingly demanding compact, efficient, fast and broadband optical modulators, high-performance light modulation…

The combination of nonlinear and integrated photonics has recently seen a surge with Kerr frequency comb generation in micro-resonators as the most significant achievement. Efficient nonlinear photonic chips have myriad applications…

Integrated nonlinear photonic technologies, even with state-of-the-art fabrication with only a few nanometer geometry variations, face significant challenges in achieving wafer-scale yield of functional devices. A core limitation lies in…

Despite its excellent performance in microelectronic industry, silicon was not able to perform well in photonic devices arena. This is because the silicon has never been a good optical source mainly due to its indirect band gap structure.…

Frequency conversion processes, such as second- and third-harmonic generation, are one of the most common effects in nonlinear optics which offer many opportunities for photonics, chemistry, material science, characterization, and…

The explosive growth of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and large-scale machine learning is driving an urgent demand for short-reach optical interconnects featuring large bandwidth, low power consumption, high integration density,…

Directly switching optical signals outperforms conventional optoelectronic hardware in terms of cost, latency, and energy efficiency, and is expected to address the growing demand for data node capacity driven by the development of machine…

Quantum information processing holds great promise for communicating and computing data efficiently. However, scaling current photonic implementation approaches to larger system size remains an outstanding challenge for realizing disruptive…

We review our recent progresses on frequency conversion in integrated devices, focusing primarily on experiments based on strip-loaded and quantum-well intermixed AlGaAs waveguides, and on CMOS-compatible high-index doped silica glass…

Quantum photonic integrated circuit (QPIC) is a promising tool for constructing integrated devices for quantum technology applications. In the optical regime, silicon photonics empowered by complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)…

Integration of optical interconnects with silicon-based electronics can address the growing limitations facing chip-scale data transport as microprocessors become progressively faster. However, material lattice mismatch and incompatible…

High-performance programmable silicon photonic circuits are considered to be a critical part of next generation architectures for optical processing, photonic quantum circuits and neural networks. Low-loss optical phase change materials…

Unprecedented material compatibility and ease of integration, in addition to the unique and diverse optoelectronic properties of layered materials have generated significant interest in their utilization in nanophotonic devices. While…

Optical parametric oscillators are widely used to generate coherent light at frequencies not accessible by conventional laser gain. However, chip-based parametric oscillators operating in the visible spectrum have suffered from…

Besides being the foundational material for microelectronics, in optics, crystalline silicon has long been used for making infrared lenses and mirrors. More recently, silicon has become the key material to achieve large-scale integration of…

Quantum technology is poised to enable a step change in human capability for computing, communications and sensing. Photons are indispensable as carriers of quantum information - they travel at the fastest possible speed and readily…

The rapid development of quantum information processors has accelerated the demand for technologies that enable quantum networking. One promising approach uses mechanical resonators as an intermediary between microwave and optical fields.…