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It has been known that heterogeneous networks are vulnerable to the intentional removal of a small fraction of highly connected or loaded nodes, which implies that, to protect a network effectively, a few important nodes should be allocated…
The vulnerability of networks to targeted attacks is an issue of widespread interest for policymakers, military strategists, network engineers and systems biologists alike. Current approaches to circumvent targeted attacks seek to increase…
We study the resilience of complex networks against attacks in which nodes are targeted intelligently, but where disabling a node has a cost to the attacker which depends on its degree. Attackers have to meet these costs with limited…
We study ensemble-based graph-theoretical methods aiming to approximate the size of the minimum dominating set (MDS) in scale-free networks. We analyze both analytical upper bounds of dominating sets and numerical realizations for…
Susceptibility of scale free Power Law (PL) networks to attacks has been traditionally studied in the context of what may be termed as {\em instantaneous attacks}, where a randomly selected set of nodes and edges are deleted while the…
Given a connected network, it can be augmented by applying a growing strategy (e.g. random or scale-free rules) over the previously existing structure. Another approach for augmentation, recently introduced, involves incorporating a direct…
How to observe the state of a network from a limited number of measurements has become an important issue in complex networks, engineering, communication, epidemiology, etc. Under some scenarios, it is neither unfeasible nor unnecessary to…
The structure of complex networks in previous research has been widely described as scale-free networks generated by the preferential attachment model. However, the preferential attachment model does not take into account the detailed…
Networks with a given degree distribution may be very resilient to one type of failure or attack but not to another. The goal of this work is to determine network design guidelines which maximize the robustness of networks to both random…
A central issue in complex networks is tolerance to random failures and intentional attacks. Current literature emphasizes the dichotomy between networks with a power-law node connectivity distribution, which are robust to random failures…
Extensive researches have been dedicated to investigating the performance of real networks and synthetic networks against random failures or intentional attack guided by degree (degree attack). Degree is one of straightforward measures to…
Complex networks with heterogeneous distribution of loads may undergo a global cascade of overload failures when highly loaded nodes or edges are removed due to attacks or failures. Since a small attack or failure has the potential to…
From transportation networks to complex infrastructures, and to social and economic networks, a large variety of systems can be described in terms of multiplex networks formed by a set of nodes interacting through different network layers.…
When an initial failure of nodes occurs in interdependent networks, a cascade of failure between the networks occurs. Earlier studies focused on random initial failures. Here we study the robustness of interdependent networks under targeted…
Network robustness against attacks is one of the most fundamental researches in network science as it is closely associated with the reliability and functionality of various networking paradigms. However, despite the study on intrinsic…
Maximizing the damage by attacking specific nodes of the combat network can efficiently disrupt enemies' defense capability, protect our critical units, and enhance the resistance to the destruction of system-of-system~(SOS). However, the…
We study the detailed mechanism of the failure of scale-free networks under intentional attacks. Although it is generally accepted that such networks are very sensitive to targeted attacks, we show that for a particular type of structure…
Complex network infrastructure systems for power-supply, communication, and transportation support our economical and social activities, however they are extremely vulnerable against the frequently increasing large disasters or attacks.…
Robust control theory has been successfully applied to numerous real-world problems using a small set of devices called {\it controllers}. However, the real systems represented by networks contain unreliable components and modern robust…
We study tolerance and topology of random scale-free networks under attack and defense strategies that depend on the degree k of the nodes. This situation occurs, for example, when the robustness of a node depends on its degree or in an…