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The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) and Cosmic Dawn (CD) are pivotal stages during the first billion years of the universe, exerting a significant influence on the development of cosmic structure. The detection of the redshifted 21-cm signal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-14 Anshuman Tripathi , Abhirup Datta , Aishrila Mazumder , Suman Majumdar

The redshifted 21\,cm line is an emerging tool in observational cosmology that can serve as a direct probe of the intergalactic medium throughout the cosmic timeline. However, the observation of the cosmological 21\,cm signal from early…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Samit Kumar Pal , Abhirup Datta , Aishrila Mazumder , Anshuman Tripathi

Neutral hydrogen ($\rm{HI}$) $21$-cm intensity mapping (IM) offers an efficient technique for mapping the large-scale structures in the universe. We introduce the 'Cross' Tapered Gridded Estimator (Cross TGE), which cross-correlates two…

Galaxy-galaxy weak lensing provides a powerful means of measuring the average matter distribution around lens galaxies -- i.e., the galaxy bias relation. Properly accounting for the spin-2 nature of weak lensing distortions, we develop a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-28 Taisei Terawaki , Masahiro Takada , Takanori Taniguchi

There has been much recent interest in studying anisotropies in the astrophysical gravitational-wave (GW) background, as these could provide us with interesting new information about galaxy clustering and large-scale structure. However,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-29 Alexander C. Jenkins , Joseph D. Romano , Mairi Sakellariadou

We present an investigation of the horizon and its effect on global 21-cm observations and analysis. We find that the horizon cannot be ignored when modeling low frequency observations. Even if the sky and antenna beam are known exactly,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Neil Bassett , David Rapetti , Keith Tauscher , Bang D. Nhan , David D. Bordenave , Joshua J. Hibbard , Jack O. Burns

Conventional algorithms for galaxy power spectrum estimation measure the true spectrum convolved with a survey window function, which, for parameter inference, must be compared with a similarly convolved theory model. In this work, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-12 Oliver H. E. Philcox

We present techniques for bridging the gap between idealized inverse covariance weighted quadratic estimation of 21 cm power spectra and the real-world challenges presented universally by interferometric observation. By carefully evaluating…

Angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies is one of the most important on characteristics of the Universe such as its geometry and total density. Using flat sky approximation and Fourier…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Lung-Yih Chiang , Fei-Fan Chen

Spectral measurements of the 21 cm monopole background have the promise of revealing the bulk energetic properties and ionization state of our universe from z ~ 6-30. Synchrotron foregrounds are orders of magnitude larger than the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-08 Eric R. Switzer , Adrian Liu

We present a fast and scalable estimator for the binned multi-frequency angular bispectrum (MABS) and the 3D bispectrum (BS) of the redshifted 21 cm signal from radio interferometric observations. The estimator operates on gridded…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-13 Sukhdeep Singh Gill , Somnath Bharadwaj

The two-point summary statistics is one of the most commonly used tools in the study of cosmological structure. Starting from the theoretical power spectrum defined in the 3D volume and obtained via the process of ensemble averaging, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-02 Alvise Raccanelli , Zvonimir Vlah

Visibility-visibility correlation has been proposed as a technique for the estimation of power spectrum, and used extensively for small field of view observations, where the effect of $w-term$ is usually ignored. We consider power spectrum…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Prasun Dutta , Tapomoy Guha Sarkar , S. Pratik Khastgir

The most commonly used estimators of the anisotropic galaxy power spectrum employ Fast Fourier transforms, and rely on a specific choice of the line-of-sight that breaks the symmetry between the galaxy pair. This leads to wide-angle…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-14 Florian Beutler , Emanuele Castorina , Pierre Zhang

Observation of redshifted 21-cm signals from neutral hydrogen holds the key to understanding the structure formation and its evolution during the reionization and post-reionization era. Apart from the presence of orders of magnitude larger…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-02 Jais Kumar , Prasun Dutta , Samir Choudhuri , Nirupam Roy

We consider a search for the anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) that decomposes the sky map into its spherical harmonics components in order to obtain estimators of the angular power spectrum. Such a search often…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 Erik Floden , Alex Granados , Vuk Mandic

Measurements of the cosmic 21 cm signal need to achieve a high dynamic range to isolate it from bright foreground emissions. Calibration inaccuracies can compromise the spectral fidelity of the smooth foreground continuum, thereby limiting…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-06 Pascal M. Keller , Bojan Nikolic , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan

We discuss the sensitivity to anisotropies of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (GWBs) observed via space-based interferometer. In addition to the unresolved galactic binaries as the most promising GWB source of the planned Laser…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Hideaki Kudoh , Atsushi Taruya

I develop a method for assessing the ability of an instrument, coupled with an observing strategy, to measure the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). It allows for efficient calculation of expected parameter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Lloyd Knox